Model Pengelolaan Perikanan Karang di Taman Nasional Karimunjawa (R. Irnawati et al.) 25 MODEL PENGELOLAAN PERIKANAN KARANG DI TAMAN NASIONAL KARIMUNJAWA (Management Model of Reef Fisheries in Karimunjawa National Park) Ririn Irnawati 1) , Domu Simbolon 2) , Budy Wiryawan 2) , Bambang Murdiyanto 2) , dan Tri Wiji Nurani 2) ABSTRACT Karimunjawa National Park (KNP) inhabited mostly by fisherman. Its area surrounds by 111.625 ha as waters. Fishing zone is dedicated for traditional fisheries. Therefore the capture fisheries in KNP should be adjusted to accommodate conservancy and utilization objectives. The objective of the research is to design management model of reef fisheries in KNP. Selection of leading fish product was conducted by implementing comparative performance index. Potency of reef fish resources was performed by using bio-economic model. Optimization number of fishing gear is performed by using LGP. Feasibility study for fishery business was conducted with R/C, ROI, PP, NPV, B/C, and IRR criteria. Policy and institutional for capture fisheries was conducted by using institutional analysis. The result shows the leading fish from reef fish is jack trevallies and yellow tail; reef fish potency is 174.225,68 kg/year; the fishing technology for reef fish are hand line (1.412 units) and traps (102 units); hand line, fish trap, and muroami are competent to develop continuously in KNP area; the policy of reef fisheries need to coordinate between stakeholders and institutions to gain optimal management; the institutional that involve in management are fishermen group, %71.- ’.3 1*2 ILVKHUPDQ¶V EXVLQHVV JURXS DQG HGXFDWLRQDO LQVWLWXWLRQV Keywords: management model, reef fisheries, Karimunjawa National Park PENDAHULUAN Karimunjawa merupakan gugusan 27 pulau yang terletak di utara Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Pada tahun 1999, Karimunjawa ditetapkan sebagai taman nasional dengan nama Taman Nasional Karimunjawa (TNKJ) berdasarkan SK Menteri Kehutanan dan Perkebunan No. 78/Kpts-II/1999, dengan pengelolaan berdasarkan zonasi. Sistem zonasi yang diterapkan saat ini membagi TNKJ menjadi tujuh zona, dan menempatkan kegiatan perikanan tangkap di zona pemanfaatan perikanan tradisional (PPT). Walaupun luas zona PPT mencapai 93% dari total luasan TNKJ, kondisi perikanan tangkap cenderung stagnan dan bahkan mengalami penurunan selama beberapa tahun terakhir. Penurunan terlihat dari keberadaan Pelabuhan Perikanan Pantai Karimunjawa (PPP Karimunjawa) yang tidak lagi melakukan kegiatan pelelangan ikan sejak 2006, pabrik es yang tidak lagi beroperasi, serta banyaknya perahu nelayan yang hanya bersandar saja di sepanjang dermaga pelabuhan karena bahan bakar minyak yang semakin sulit diperoleh untuk melakukan kegiatan penangkapan. 1) Jurusan Perikanan, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sultan Ageng Tirtayasa Serang 2) Dept. Pemanfaatan Sumberdaya Perikanan, FPIK, IPB