COALITION No. 21, January 2011 ISSN 1579-8410 www.rtphc.csic.es/boletin.htm 18 There is clear redundancy in analyzing the parallel elemental and structure information provided by XRF and XRD (Figure 5). An µXRF spectrum shows the K lines for Cu and Fe. The thin cross section is superimposed on some of the elemental mapping (Cu and Fe). Concluding Remarks Synchrotron-based X-ray microprobes are particularly useful for non-destructive studies as well as for the micro-characterisation of different materials present in multi-layered paintings and sub micrometric samples. These studies demonstrated that synchrotron radiation micro-imaging techniques can be used to analyse pictorial layers (including grains) at the micrometer scale. µ-XRD is very useful for the identification of phases that are present in low proportions in multilayer samples. Using µ-XRF microprobe at a Synchrotron Radiation source with its high brightness, low divergence and highly linear polarization it was possible to obtain additional information, such as detecting trace elements as well as its spatial distribution, a type of information usually not readily obtained within the laboratory framework. Acknowledgements This work was supported by Ministry of Science and Technology of Spain (MAT 2007- 63234 and MAT2010-20660). References Adriaens, A. and Dowsett, M. (2010). The coordinated use of synchrotron spectro-electrochemistry for corrosion studies on heritage metals. Acc. Chem. Res 43: 927-935. Baruchel, J., Bleuet, P., Bravin, A., Coan, P., Lima, E., Madsen, A., Ludwig, W., Pernot P. and Susini J. (2008). Advances in synchrotron hard X-ray based imaging. C.R. Physique 9: 624- 641. Bertrand, L., Vantelon, D. and Pantos, E. (2006). Novel interface for cultural heritage at SOLEIL. Applied Physics A 83: 225- 228. Cotte,M., Susini, J., Solé, V.A., Taniguchi, T., Chillida, J., Checroun, E. and Walter P.(2008). Applications of synchrotron-based micro-imaging techniques to the chemical analysis of ancient paintings. J. Anal. At. Spectrom. 23:820- 828. Creagh, D.C. (2007). Radiation in art and archaeometry. In D.C. Creagh and D.A. Bradley (eds.) Physical Techniques in the Study of Art, Archaeology and Cultural Heritage: 1-95. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, Duran, A., Jimenez- De Haro, M.C., Perez-Rodriguez, J.L., Franquelo, M.L., Herrera L.K. and Justo A. (2010). Determination of pigments and binders in Pompeian wall paintings using synchrotron radiation - High-resolution X-ray powder diffraction and conventional spectroscopy – chromatography. Archaeometry 52: 286-307. Herrera, L.K., Justo, A., Perez Rodriguez, J.L. and Duran, A. (2007) internal technical report (ICMSE-CSIC). Herrera, L.K., Duran, A., Franquelo, M.L., González-Elipe, A.R., Espinós, J.P., Rubio-Zuazo, J., Castro, C.R., Justo, A., Perez- Rodriguez, J.L. (2008). Study by grazing incident diffraction and surface spectroscopy of amalgam from cultural heritage ancient mirrors. Central European Journal of Chemistry 7: 47- 53. Herrera, L.K. (2009). Physico-Chemical Research of Cultural Heritage Materials Using Microanalytical Methods. PhD Thesis, Seville University. Herrera, L.K., Montalbani, S., Chiavari, G., Cotte, M., Solé, V.A., Bueno, J., Duran, A., Justo, A. and Perez-Rodriguez, J.L. (2009a) Advanced combined application of µX-ray diffraction/µ-X-ray fluorescence with conventional techniques for the identification of pictorial materials from Baroque Andalusia paintings. Talanta 80:71-83. Herrera, L.K., Justo, A., Munoz-Paez A., Sans, J.A. and Martinez- Criado G. (2009b). Study of metallic components of historical organ pipes using synchrotron radiation X-ray microfluorescence imaging and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction. Anal. Bioanal. Chem 395:1969-1975. Herrera, L.K., Justo, A. and Perez-Rodriguez, J.L. (2009c). Study of nanocrystalline SnO2 particles formed during the corrosion processes of ancient amalgam mirrors. Journal of nano research 8: 99-107. Kob, M. (2000). Influence of wall vibrations on the transient sound of flue organ pipes. Acta Acoust. 86: 642-648. Kossolapv, A. and Twilley, J. (1994). A decorative Chinese dagger: evidence for ancient amalgam tinning. Studies in Conservation 39: 257-264. Lewis, W.R. (1974). The metallurgy of tin lead alloys for organ pipes. ISO information. 767-768 Muñoz-Paez, A., Herrera, L.K., Justo A., Sans J.A. and Martinez- Criado, G. (2011). Study of metallic pieces from the Andalusian baroque period with micro X-ray diffraction and micro X-ray fluorescence. Diamond Light Source Proceedings SRMS-7 1:1-3. Nederveen CJ, Dalmont J-P (2004) Pitch and level changes in organ pipes due to wall resonances. J. Sound Vib. 271: 227– 239. Solé, V.A., Papillon, E., Cotte, M., Walter, PH. and Susini, J. (2007). A multiplatform code for the analysis of energy- dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectra. Spectrochim. Acta Part B 62: 63-68. Web sites [1] http://www.charismaproject.eu [2] http://www.eu-artech.org NETWORK ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE CONSERVATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE Miguel A. Rogerio-Candelera and Cesareo Saiz-Jimenez Coalition editors A new Network on Science and Technology for the Conservation of the Cultural Heritage will be launched on March 1, 2011. This will be supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through project HAR2010-11432-E. This Network was founded by 65 research groups from the Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC) and Spanish universities, cultural institutions and sector’s enterprises. Back t o i ndex