Pertanika J. Soc. Sci. & Hum. 20 (2): 455 - 474 (2012)
ISSN: 0128-7702 © Universiti Putra Malaysia Press
SOCIAL SCIENCES & HUMANITIES
Journal homepage: http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/
Article history:
Received: 20 August 2010
Accepted: 1 August 2011
E-mail addresses:
chang@ukm.my (Chang Peng Kee), musa@usim.edu.my
(Musa Abu Hassan), zuhair@ukm.my (Fauziah Ahmad)
* Corresponding author
Framing the Contemporary Education Issue: Analysis of
News Stories from Selected Malaysian Daily Newspapers
Chang Peng Kee
1*
, Musa Abu Hassan
2
, and Fauziah Ahmad
1
1
School of Media and Communication Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
2
Faculty of Leadership and Management, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, 71800 Bandar Baru Nilai, Negeri
Sembilan, Malaysia
ABSTRACT
The policy of teaching and learning of Mathematics and Science subjects in English was decided in
2002 and implemented in the following year. After ive years of using pupils’ second language in
learning these two highly cognitional subjects, the policymaker attempted to reconsider the medium
of examination for the 2008 Primary School Achievement Test. On 27 October 2007, the then Prime
Minister made a surprise announcement that the test for these two subjects would continue to be set
in dual languages, namely, English and the respective mother-tongues. The main objective of this
framing study was to explore the frames dominantly portrayed by policymakers, movements, and
other parties involved. A content analysis on daily newspapers of the four languages was conducted
for a period of one month after the above-mentioned announcement was made. This research
adopted the format of Semetko and Valkenburg (2000) in scrutinising framing from “responsibility,”
“conlict,” “morality,” “economic consequences,” and “human interest” perspectives. The research
indings met the objective of establishing the source frames. The policy frame is more responsible in
nature, while the movement frame is more confrontational and the editorial frame tends to highlight
the morality aspect of life. The reader frame is deemed to be somewhat close to the movement for
its aggressiveness.
Keywords: Frame building, generic frame measures, news frames, source frames, education issue,
and content analysis
INTRODUCTION
Framing in communication, according to
Reese (2001), “refers to the way events and
issues are organised and made sense of,
especially by media, media professionals,
and their audiences” (p. 7). Sociologist
Erving Goffman is often credited with