30 Caribbean Journal of Science, Vol. 45, No. 1, 30-51, 2009 Copyright 2009 College of Arts and Sciences University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez The anole fauna of Venezuela consists of approximately 26 species, including the taxa previously allocated to the genus Phenaco- saurus (La Marca, 1997; Ugueto et al., 2007). Seven species of Anolis have been reported from the Venezuelan Coastal Range (per- sonal data). Anolis squamulatus Peters and A. tigrinus Peters are two of the most conspicu- ous due to their morphology and biology. Unfortunately, information about their mor- phological variation, coloration in life and biology is currently lacking. A. squamulatus is a large (up to 122 mm SVL), green anole, formerly allocated to the latifrons group or giant mainland anoles (Dunn 1937, Williams 1976). Test et al. (1966) gave the most exten- sive report to date on the natural habits and coloration of this species but did not include a detailed description. Savage and Talbot (1978) presented brief taxonomic notes on this species while comparing it to A. frenatus from Central America and Colombia. While dealing with the species of the latifrons group, Williams (1988) commented on mor- phology and scalation of A. squamulatus. This is probably the most extensive discus- sion on the morphological variation of the species to date. Unfortunately, the data pre- sented by Williams was limited and fell short of a proper description. More than a decade later, Rivas and Manzanilla (1999) extended the geographical distribution of the species in Venezuela. Herein, we pro- vide an extensive and detailed redescription of A. squamulatus and include data on its coloration in life and natural history. Anolis tigrinus is a small anole that barely reaches 58 mm in SVL. Test et al. (1966) in- cluded a few notes on coloration in life and natural history of this species based on two specimens from Rancho Grande, Aragua. Mijares-Urrutia et al. (1992) redescribed it based on 11 specimens. However, these au- thors failed to present data on coloration in life and misidentified several female speci- mens as males, thus overlooking the notable sexual dimorphism present in this species and rendering their redescription inaccu- rate. Herein, we include for the first time extensive information on morphological A revision of the Venezuelan anoles II: redescription of Anolis squamulatus Peters 1863 and Anolis tigrinus Peters 1863 (Reptilia: Polychrotidae) Gabriel N. Ugueto 1 , Gilson Rivas 2 , Tito Barros 3 and Eric N. Smith 4 1 11111 Biscayne Boulevard, #556, Miami, Florida 33181 USA; Corresponding author: gabrieluguetto@yahoo.com 2 Research Associate, Museo de Biología, Facultad Experimental de Ciencias, La Universidad del Zulia, Apartado Postal 526, Maracaibo 4011, Estado Zulia, Venezuela. (anolis30@hotmail.com) 3 Museo de Biología, Universidad del Zulia, Facultad Experimental de Ciencias, La Universidad del Zulia, Apartado Postal 526, Maracaibo 4011, Estado Zulia, Venezuela 4 Department of Biology, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, USA (e.smith@uta.edu) ABSTRACT.—Eight species of polychrotid lizard have been recorded from the Venezuelan Coastal Range. Among them, Anolis squamulatus and A. tigrinus are two of the most distinctive due to their size (the first one very large, the latter very small). However, very little is known about their morphological variation, col- oration in life, and biology. Detailed descriptions of A. squamulatus and A. tigrinus are presented based on previously and newly collected material. Color variation, sexual dichromatism and natural habits of both taxa are also documented. Habitat partitioning among the polychrotid lizards sympatric with A. squamulatus and A. tigrinus is also discussed. KEYWORDS.—Reptiles, Redescription, Venezuela, Anolis tigrinus, Anolis squamulatus, Polychrotidae.