ECOLOGY AND RESTORATION OF SUMATRAN TIGERS IN FOREST AND PLANTATION LANDSCAPES Sunarto Dissertation submitted to the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy In Fisheries and Wildlife Sciences Marcella J. Kelly (Chair) Michael R. Vaughan (Co-Chair) Sybille Klenzendorf Stephen P. Prisley James D. Nichols Dean F. Stauffer February 11, 2011 Blacksburg, VA Keywords: camera trap, carnivore restoration, felids, inter-specific interaction, occupancy and habitat models, species distribution mapping, tiger density variation, vision map, wildlife conservation and management Copyright © 2011 by Sunarto