1 Ethics of Citizen Journalism Sites Jessica Roberts and Linda Steiner Now widely equipped with tools for recording and sharing content online, citizens have become much more active in producing and distributing news. The resulting expansion of the network of “mass self-communicators” (Castells, 2007) has led to a wealth of news and information content online that comes from outside the walls, or firewalls, of professional journalism organizations. Citizens not otherwise employed as journalists find themselves with access to tools for recording and sharing text, photos, video, audio, and other content more quickly and easily than ever before. Apps for digital cameras contained within cell phones enable users to upload pictures instantly to social networks, blogs, and photo-sharing sites. The same software—FinalCutPro—is used to edit feature-length films and YouTube videos. Not only are the costs going down but some new technologies start out at prices affordable to citizens. And increasingly, new and coming technologies will have ethical implications. New software for cell phones enables users to locate people nearby and instantly obtain personal and professional information about them, along with precise geolocation and photographs. StreetSpark uses geolocation to find and introduce users nearby with similar likes. That is, these technologies enable not only vertical but also lateral surveillance as well as broad, instant, and seemingly “unmediated” dissemination. Promoted as dating tools, these technologies will undoubtedly be used by enterprising journalists, including citizens not operating within editorial hierarchies. The technologies reshape journalism—redefining journalism, how it is done, and, of course, who is a journalist—and raise new ethical challenges.