Ecp Kphqtocvkqp Hqtcikpi Rkem vjg HkzA C Hkgnf Uvwf{ Lqugrj Ncytcpeg 3.4 . Tcejgn Dgnnco{ 4 . Octictgv Dwtpgvv 3 . M{ng Tgevqt 3 3 Qtgiqp Uvcvg Wpkxgtukv{ cpf 4 KDO V0L0 Ycvuqp Tgugctej Egpvgt }ncytcpeg. dwtpgvv. tgevqtm{’Bggeu0qtgiqpuvcvg0gfw. tcejgnBwu0kdo0eqo Cduvtcev Rtgxkqwu hkpfkpiu jcxg tgxgcngf vjg cdknkv{ qh kp/ hqtocvkqp hqtcikpi vq oqfgn qt rtgfkev yjgtg fgxgnqr/ gtu yknn pcxkicvg ykvjkp uqwteg eqfg0 Jqygxgt. vjg rtgxkqwu kpxguvkicvkqp fkf pqv eqpukfgt yjgvjgt vjg rncegu fgxgnqrgtu ygpv ygtg vjg tkijv rncegu vq iq0 Kp vjku rcrgt. yg rtgugpv c hkgnf uvwf{ kp yjkej yg kpxgu/ vkicvgf qxgt 422 qrgp uqwteg dwi tgrqtvu cpf hgcvwtg tgswguvu0 Yg cpcn{¦gf vjg vgzvwcn ukoknctkv{ qh vjgug kuuwgu kp tgncvkqp vq vjg uqwteg eqfg. cpf fgvgtokpgf yjcv hkngu fgxgnqrgtu jcf ejcpigf vq hkz vjgug kuuwgu0 Qwt tguwnvu fgoqpuvtcvg vjcv kphqtocvkqp uegpv ecp pcttqy fqyp swkvg ygnn yjgtg fgxgnqrgtu ujqwnf ocmg hkzgu. korn{kpi vjcv hwvwtg uqhvyctg pcxkicvkqp vqqnu ecp rtgfkev vjg crrtqrtkcvg rncegu vq ocmg hkzgu dcugf uqngn{ qp vjg eqpvgpvu qh vjg kuuwg cpf vjg uqwteg eqfg0 30 Kpvtqfwevkqp Ku uqhvyctg ockpvgpcpeg nctign{ c hqtcikpi vcum. kp yjkej rtqitcoogtu hqnnqy uegpv vq pcxkicvg coqpi rcvejgu qh eqfgA Pcxkicvkqp cevkxkv{ fwtkpi ockpvgpcpeg ku cp korqt/ vcpv swguvkqp0 Tgegpv tgugctej jcu ujqyp vjcv rtq/ itcoogtu urgpf wr vq 57' qh vjgkt vkog pcxkicvkpi uqwteg eqfg ]9. 34_0 Oquv eqfg pcxkicvkqp qeewtu yjgp rtqitcoogtu ctg uecppkpi uqwteg eqfg. vt{kpi vq hkpf vjg rkgegu vjcv ctg korqtvcpv hqt vjgkt ewttgpv vcum ]9_0 Yg jcxg dggp kpxguvkicvkpi yjgvjgt kphqtocvkqp hqtcikpi vjgqt{ ecp dg wugf vq oqfgn rtqitcoogt pcxkicvkqp dgjcxkqt0 Kphqtocvkqp hqtcikpi vjgqt{ ycu rkqpggtgf d{ Rktqnnk cpf Ectf ]3:. 42_ cu c hqwpfc/ vkqpcn vjgqt{ hqt uwrrqtvkpi ygd pcxkicvkqp0 Kv ku dcugf qp qrvkocn hqtcikpi vjgqt{ ]38_. c vjgqt{ qh jqy rtgfc/ vqtu cpf rtg{ dgjcxg kp vjg yknf0 Vq crrn{ kphqtocvkqp hqtcikpi vjgqt{ vq vjg fqockp qh kphqtocvkqp vgejpqnqi{. vjg rtgfcvqt ku vjg rgtuqp kp pggf qh kphqtocvkqp cpf vjg rtg{ ku vjg kphqtocvkqp kvugnh0 Vjg rtgfcvqt upkhhu qwv vjg rtg{ vjtqwij wug qh ÐuegpvÑ. yjkej hqt ygd pcxkicvkqp vtcpuncvgu vq nkpiwku/ vke tgncvkqpujkru dgvyggp yqtfu gzrtguukpi cp kphqtoc/ vkqp pggf cpf yqtfu eqpvckpgf kp nkpmu vq ygd rcigu0 Vjg kphqtocvkqp hqtcikpi oqfgn jcu dggp ujqyp vq ocvjgocvkecnn{ oqfgn yjkej ygd rcigu jwocp kphqt/ ocvkqp hqtcigtu ugngev qp vjg ygd ]3;_. cpf vjg vjgqt{ jcu vjgtghqtg dgeqog gzvtgogn{ wughwn vq rtcevkecnn{ kphqto ygd ukvg fgukip cpf gxcnwcvkqp ]7. 39. 43_0 Ecp yg rtqxkfg vjg ucog vjgqtgvkecn wpfgtrkppkpiu hqt rtqitco pcxkicvkqpA Kh uq. kphqtocvkqp hqtcikpi vjgqt{ eqwnf gzrnckp vjg eqipkvkxg rtqeguu qh eqfg pcxkicvkqp fwtkpi ockpvgpcpeg. cpf vjgtgd{ vcmg owej qh vjg iwguuyqtm qwv qh pcxkicvkqp vqqn dwknfkpi0 Vjg nqpi/vgto eqpvtkdwvkqp qh qwt yqtm vjgp ku vq gorktk/ ecnn{ fgvgtokpg vjg crrnkecdknkv{ qh vjku vjgqtgvkecn gz/ rncpcvkqp vq qdugtxgf rtqitco pcxkicvkqp dgjcxkqt0 Htqo vjku. kv oc{ dg rquukdng vq fgvgtokpg yj{ iqqf pcxkicvkqp vqqnu yqtm cpf yjcv rtkpekrngu pgy pcxkic/ vkqp vqqnu pggf vq eqpukfgt kp qtfgt vq dg wughwn0 Vqyctf vjku gpf. kp rtgxkqwu yqtm. yg eqpfwevgf c eqpvtqnngf uvwf{ qh 34 rtqhguukqpcn rtqitcoogtu cv KDO ]36. 37_0 Vjg tguwnvu ujqygf vjcv vjgug rtqitco/ ogtuÓ pcxkicvkqp dgjcxkqt eqwnf dg rtgfkevgf tgcuqpc/ dn{ ygnn ykvj kphqtocvkqp uegpv. k0g0. yqtf ukoknctkv{ dgvyggp vjg dwi tgrqtv qt hgcvwtg tgswguv *vyq mkpfu qh ÐkuuwguÑ+ cpf vjg uqwteg eqfg0 Kp guugpeg. qwt rtgxkqwu yqtm hqewugf qp vjku swgu/ vkqp< ÐEcp yg wug kphqtocvkqp hqtcikpi vjgqt{ vq oqfgn yjgtg rtqitcoogtu iqAÑ Kp vjku rcrgt. yg vcemng cp gxgp jctfgt swguvkqp< ÐEcp yg wug kphqtocvkqp hqtci/ kpi vjgqt{ vq rtgfkev yjgtg rtqitcoogtu ujqwnf iqAÑ Qpg tgcuqp vjg cpuygt eqwnf dg ÐpqÑ ku vjcv vjg vjg/ qt{ okijv hckn vq vcmg kpvq ceeqwpv fkhhgtgpegu kp vjg yc{u rtqitcoogtu ytkvg dwi tgrqtvu xgtuwu hgcvwtg tgswguvu0 Kp qwt rtgxkqwu uvwf{. yg qdugtxgf fkhhgt/ gpegu kp vjg yc{ dwi tgrqtvu cpf hgcvwtg tgswguvu ygtg yqtfgf ]37_0 Vjcv uvwf{ kpenwfgf qpn{ qpg dwi tgrqtv cpf qpg hgcvwtg tgswguv. dwv qwt qdugtxcvkqpu ngf wu vq rtqrqug vjcv uwej fkhhgtgpegu okijv igpgtcnk¦g vq dwi tgrqtvu cpf hgcvwtg tgswguvu. cpf hwtvjgt vjcv vjgug fkh/ hgtgpegu okijv ngcf vq xctkcvkqpu kp vjg yc{ rtqitco/ ogtu hqto j{rqvjgugu cpf vjgp hqnnqy wr qp vjgo yjkng pcxkicvkpi vjg uqwteg eqfg0 Kp vjg rtgxkqwu uvwf{. j{rqvjgugu hqtogf htqo vjg hgcvwtg tgswguv ygtg qdugtxgf vq dg oqtg qrgp/gpfgf. yjgtgcu yjgp yqtm/ kpi qp vjg dwi tgrqtv. rtqitcoogtu ygtg cdng vq tgcf/ kn{ hqtowncvg c oqtg urgekhke cpf eqpetgvg j{rqvjguku cdqwv gzcevn{ yjcv uqwteg eqfg hkngu pggfgf vq ejcpig0 Kp vjku rcrgt. yg rtgugpv c pgy. eqorngvgn{ wpeqp/ vtqnngf. hkgnf uvwf{0 Yg rwnngf dwi tgrqtvu cpf hgcvwtg tgswguvu htqo UqwtegHqtig. c nctig qrgp uqwteg tgrquk/ vqt{0 Yg nqqmgf cv yjcv hkngu rtqitcoogtu cevwcnn{ 2008 IEEE Symposium on Visual Languages and Human-Centric Computing (VL/HCC) 1-4244-2528-0/08/$25.00 ©2008 IEEE 57 Authorized licensed use limited to: OREGON STATE UNIV. 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