Self-access systems
Lindsay Miller and
Pamela Rogerson-Revell
This paper proposes a framework for consideration when establishing a
self-access centre. It describes four such centres and the different systems
they use, and then outlines the differences between each centre’s rationale,
human resources, and end-users. The paper suggests that the practical
application of the system of self-access language learning must be
examined before setting up a self-access centre. Making an informed
decision about the type of self-access system, based on the rationale of the
institution and the human resources available, will ensure an efficient
system that suits the end-users.
Introduction In recent years there has been renewed interest in self-access language
learning, or SALL. This covers a wide range of areas within language
learning, including: strategies for learning (Wenden, 1986, Porte, 1988,
and Bertoldi et al., 1988); materials (Sheer-in, 1990); self-assessment
(Blanch and Merino, 1989); organization and management of self-access
centres, (SACS), (McDowell and Morris, 1989, and Mitchener, 1991);
and types of SAC (Harding-Esch, 1982, Dickinson, 1987, Riley et al.,
1989, Sheerin, 1991, and Miller, 1992).
All of the above-cited references make significant contributions to the
discussion on SALL. However, as McCafferty (undated: 19) states:
Any system for learning or teaching a language has to be justified in at
least two ways - in terms of rationale, which has to be explicit, defensible
and relevant, and in terms of realistic and practical applications.
In the view of Sheerin (1990: 147):
. . . the system [our italics] of access plays a crucial role in ensuring
that the learner has the freedom of choice that efficient information
retrieval provides.
So the rationale for choosing a particular system of self-access seems a
fundamental decision; yet systems are rarely mentioned in the SALL
literature.
The aim of this paper is to briefly describe four self-access systems and
consider how the rationale for establishing a SAC relates closely to (a) the
human resources available or needed, and (b) the type of learners who use
the facility.
Types of self- In this section we describe four types of self-access systems, giving
access systems examples of each. These examples will be discussed in more detail in the
‘Comparison of Systems’ section.
228 ELT Journal Volume 47/3 July 1993 © Oxford University Press 1993