УȾɄ 82:81-86; 82:81'38; 82.085 ɋ.Ȼ. ɉɨɬɟɦɤɢɧ Ɏɢɥɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɟɬ ɆȽɍ ɢɦ. Ʌɨɦɨɧɨɫɨɜɚ, potemkin@philol.msu.ru Ɉɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɹ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɚɧɬɨɧɢɦɨɜ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɚɯ ɇ.ȼ. Ƚɨɝɨɥɹ ɢ А.ɉ.Чɟɯɨɜɚ Аɧɧɨɬɚɰɢɹ ɋɨɛɵɬɢɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɨɣ, ɧɟɪɚɫɬɨɪɠɢɦɨɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɣ ɫɸɠɟɬɚ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ, ɨɛɥɚɞɚɹ ɞɜɭɟɞɢɧɨɣ ɫɭɳɧɨɫɬɶɸ – ɫɥɨɜɟɫɧɵɦ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɢɞɟɣɧɨ-ɛɵɬɨɜɵɦ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦ. Ɉɬɫɸɞɚ ɜɵɬɟɤɚɟɬ ɜɚɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɹ ɜ ɯɭɞɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ. ɋɨɛɵɬɢɟ ɜ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɨɦ (ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɠɚ ɢ ɦɢɪɚ) ɢɡ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ ɫɬɚɛɢɥɶɧɨɟ, ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟ ɧɟɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɢɜɨɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ. ȼ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɤɚɩɥɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɢɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢ ɪɚɡɪɟɲɚɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɟɦ. ɋɨɛɵɬɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɢɟɪɚɪɯɢɹ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɣ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɩɥɚɧɨɜ, ɤɚɤ ɰɟɩɶ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɣ – ɫɸɠɟɬ. Ɏɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɵɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɹ ɜ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɨɦ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɜ ɧɚɲɟɦ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɟ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɨ ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɧɚ ɫɚɦɨɦ ɬɟɤɫɬɟ, ɜɧɟ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ ɫ ɟɝɨ ɪɟɰɟɩɰɢɟɣ. ɇɚɲɚ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɚ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɣ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɬɶɫɹ ɦɧɨɝɨɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɚɪɚɦɢ ɚɧɬɨɧɢɦɨɜ ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɥɢ ɧɚɪɟɱɢɣ (ɬɚɤ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɚɱɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɦɢɪɚ ɢ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɠɟɣ). ɉɪɨɜɟɪɤɚ ɷɬɨɣ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɵ ɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ. Abstract Event is an elementary, inseparable component of a fiction plot. It comprises verbal expression and conceptual entity. Determining the point of event in a fiction text is therefore significant. An event is accompanied with transaction (of a character or the world) from one stabilized state to another stable, intrinsically consistent state. Within this new state accumulation of new contradictions arises, these contradictions lead to a new event. An event actualizes as a sequence of some particular arrangements, as a chain of events, i.e. a fiction plot. Formal detection of events in the discourse is based on text only without its perception by any reader. Our hypothesis is as follows: description of states are differed by numerous pairs of antonyms of adjectives or adverbs (describing in some way the world or the character state). This article involves examination of this hypothesis and the results obtained. ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɋɨɛɵɬɢɟ, ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɚɹ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ, ɛɵɥɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɨ ɘ. Ɇ. Ʌɨɬɦɚɧɨɦ ɤɚɤ «ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɫɨɧɚɠɚ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɭ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɹ». Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɫɨɛɵɬɢɟ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɧɟɤɨɟɦ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɢ ɨɬ ɡɚɤɨɧɧɨɝɨ, ɧɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɦɢɪɟ, ɜ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɢ ɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɢɡ ɬɟɯ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ, ɫɨɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɟɬ ɩɨɪɹɞɨɤ ɢ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɦɢɪɚ. «ɋɸɠɟɬɧɵɦ» (ɬ. ɟ. ɧɚɪɪɚɬɢɜɧɵɦ) ɬɟɤɫɬɚɦ Ʌɨɬɦɚɧ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ «ɛɟɫɫɸɠɟɬɧɵɟ» (ɢɥɢ