Philippine ESL Journal, Vol. 6, February 2011
© 2011 Time Taylor International ISSN 1718-2298
46
Ano ba talaga ang “ano”?:
Exploring the meanings of “ano” in conversations
Irish C. Sioson
De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
St. Scholastica‟s College, Manila, Philippines
Abstract
The study explores the different functions of the Tagalog word “ano”
in conversations. Results show that “ano”, though conventionally
means the interrogative pronoun “what” in English, serves other
functions, which further supports the multifunctionality view of any
language behavior (Condon, 2001). The study found out that “ano”
functions frequently as a gap filler in conversations, followed by the
use of the interrogative pronoun “what”, then by substitution,
expression of hesitation, tag questions and , finally, expression of
irritation. The gap-filling function of “ano” may provide insights on
the different factors involved in conversations and could be seen as
an effect of the speaker‟s effort to make the message clearer.
Implications for language teaching and learning and second language
research have then been drawn.
Keywords: conversational context, Philippine English, co-operative
principle, conversational implicature, semantic primitives
Introduction
The relationship between meaning and context has long been
established in the field of semantics and pragmatics. For instance,
Grice (1968) has made a distinction between what was said which he
treated as artificial to some extent, and what is implicated which he
treated as something that is suggested or implied in an utterance. He
further distinguished conventional implicature which arises from the
meaning of some word or phrase used, and nonconventional
implicature which springs from “outside the specification of the
conventional meaning of the words used” (Grice, 1968, p. 65).
Perhaps what is of importance is Grice‟s conversational
implicatures in which contexts provide certain information or