Proceedings of the 10
th
International Conference on Manufacturing Research ICMR 2012
MODELLING ENERGY IN BUILDINGS AND PRODUCTION SYSTEMS: THE IMPACT OF
MODEL GRANULARITY AND QUALITY ON OUTPUT
Chris Turner Aanand Davé
Manufacturing & Materials Department Manufacturing & Materials Department
Cranfield University, MK43 0AL, UK Cranfield University, MK43 0AL, UK
c.j.turner@cranfield.ac.uk a.dave@cranfield.ac.uk
Michael Oates Vincent Murray
Institute of Energy and Sustainable Development Integrated Environmental Solutions Limited
De Montfort University, LE1 9BH, UK Glasgow, G20 0SP, UK
moates@dmu.ac.uk vincent.murray@iesve.com
Peter Ball
Manufacturing & Materials Department
Cranfield University, MK43 0AL, UK
p.d.ball@cranfield.ac.uk
ABSTRACT
The design, improvement and operation of production and facilities are conducted in isolation. Engineers
in each discipline typically work independently with their own objectives, approaches and software sup-
port systems. There are few available tools to link these areas together, hence, there is little or no under-
standing of how such combined factory analysis should be conducted to assess and reduce factory re-
source consumption. This paper reports on experimentation of an integrated production system and
building model. The case data was drawn from a UK production system and experiments were conducted
on the impact of model data input on model output. The results show the relationship between reducing
data quality and detail on the ability to discern the system performance from the results generated.
1 INTRODUCTION
The move towards more sustainable manufacturing is driving the reduction of resource use and the impact
on the environment (Seliger et al, 2007). Early interventions and practice adoption seek to prevent and
reduce resource use such as primary materials, energy, water, consumables, etc in localised areas such as
production. As progress is made in resource reduction further advances become more challenging and
scope may have to increase. Additionally, further advances may necessitate the use of modelling tech-
niques to support analysis to understand the behaviour and the impact of potential solutions. The same
can be said for resource reduction activity when taking a buildings and facilities perspective.
In practice the design, improvement and operation of the production system and that of the building
are conducted in isolation (Ball et al, 2009). Work on sustainability through the reduction in resource use,
e.g. energy, is typically independent. In part this is because advances can be made currently in isolation,
in part because methodologies and software do not exist to support collaboration. Decisions made in iso-
lation could be sub-optimal and inappropriate, e.g. facilities may replace inefficient equipment but if pro-
duction is reducing its consumption then replacements need to be sized accordingly.
Modelling of product flow in production systems is well established in software (e.g. Witness, Are-
na, Simul8) and its use in industry. Similarly, modelling of energy in buildings is well established in
software (e.g. IES <VE>) and in practice. There are no commercially available tools to link these areas