Contemporary Pragmatism Editions Rodopi
Vol. 6, No. 1 (June 2009), 87–129 © 2009
A Pragmatist Critique of Derridian Politics
Tina Sikka
I draw on Security Council Resolution 1674 to demonstrate that the
political assumptions Jacques Derrida holds in his politically-oriented
texts are inconsistent with the assumptions of his linguistic texts, and
that Jürgen Habermas’s political theory is consistent with the political
implications of his approach to language. Habermasian pragmatism
offers a critical theory of society and discourse of modernity that
touches on the same themes of politics and meaning as Derrida and
other deconstructionists, but is more coherent, consistent, and
explanatorily persuasive.
In recent years there has been a rise in the amount of critical scholarship
dedicated to unpacking the relationship between the late French philosopher
Jacques Derrida and the German social theorist Jürgen Habermas. Although
these two thinkers were born only a few years apart, their experiences of the
world and the specific historical forces that shaped their intellectual upbringing
could not be more different.
Habermas was born and grew up in Germany and was 15 years old when
WW II ended. Much of his work, it has been said, is a response to the
devastation wrought by Nazism and the attendant need for Germany to found a
new constitutional order. Derrida was a Sephardic Jew born in Algeria and
educated in France. It has been argued that the trajectory of his work is shaped
by the sense of being doubly displaced and, consequently, feeling estranged
from both Algerian and French society. This lack of grounding is reflected in his
philosophy which is shaped by an ongoing suspicion of “discourses of identity,”
(Thomassen, 2006, 1). Perhaps as a partial result of these differences, the
theoretical assumptions that underpin Habermas and Derrida’s manifold books
and articles on the nature of language, meaning, subjectivity, and truth are
equally contradictory.
Despite these seemingly insurmountable differences I, as well as other
contributors to this area of research such as Lasse Thomassen, Richard Rorty,
Richard J. Bernstein, Simon Critchley, and Martin Morris, have come to believe
that there are points of convergence and divergence between Habermas and
Derrida worth unpacking – particularly in relation to their strikingly analogous