© 2006 INTERNATIONAL READING ASSOCIATION (pp. 648–660) doi:10.1598/JAAL.49.8.2
JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT & ADULT LITERACY 49:8 MAY 2006 648
Dana L. Grisham, Thomas D. Wolsey
Recentering the middle school classroom
as a vibrant learning community: Students,
literacy, and technology intersect
Recentering the middle school classroom
as a vibrant learning community: Students,
literacy, and technology intersect
Threaded discussion groups were used in
middle school classrooms to facilitate
literature study and build a sense
of community.
Community is the soul of learning.
Anything worth learning is situated in
our consciousness as an artifact of who
wrote, who said, who demonstrated,
and who mediated that understanding.
In the same way, what we learn is de-
fined by those with whom we are able
to share and build that learning (Borko, 2004).
These tandem ideas delineate the world of the
teacher. When the give and take of community be-
comes too lopsided, genuine learning becomes a
meaningless rite, rather than a rich opportunity to
learn, to share, and to grow. Human beings don’t
need to possess information only; they need to be-
long to a community. In this article, we examine a
way in which community can be constructed in
the middle school classroom using online elec-
tronic discussions of literature.
Goodlad (1984) wrote that much of class-
room discourse is disconnected from students and
is teacher driven. Hillocks (2002) reiterated that
impassioned discussion revolves around complex,
even intractable, issues that students feel are of
value. Our experience in U.S. classrooms and
through research demonstrates that when stu-
dents are given the opportunity and appropriate
structures, they are competent and
willing to think critically about com-
plex situations and to work together to
construct an understanding. The tran-
scripts from asynchronous electronic
discussions included in this article
illustrate how students may construct
communities of learning that tran-
scend the traditional teacher-driven
discourse in classrooms.
The Breadwinner (Ellis, 2001) is
a novel about Parvana, a girl living in
Afghanistan under the rule of the Taliban.
Students in one eighth-grade humanities class
grudgingly agreed to read the story with prompt-
ing from their teacher. They read the book, talked
about it with their group members, and wrote
about it to one another in electronic threaded
discussions using First Class Client software (a
program similar to Microsoft Outlook). The fol-
lowing exchange emerged (student names are
pseudonyms; otherwise it is excerpted exactly as
written):
Jenny:
Dear Group,
I think the book is alright so far. What do you kids
think. I think it suck to live in Afganistan because girls
Grisham is the codirector
of the Center for the
Advancement of Reading at
California State University
Sacramento (Office of the
Chancellor, 6000 J Street,
Sacramento, CA 95819,
USA). E-mail
grisham@mail.sdsu.edu.
Wolsey is a doctoral student
at San Diego State
University in California.