Article Canadian Journal of Archaeology/Journal Canadien d’Archéologie 36: 267–288 (2012) † Department of Anthropology 438 Fletcher Argue Building University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 5V5 [Brooke.Milne@ad.umanitoba.ca] ‡ Department of Anthropology, University of Waterloo [robert.park@uwaterloo.ca] § Department of Culture and Heritage, Government of Nunavut [DStenton1@gov.nu.ca] Abstract . The Dorset Palaeo-Eskimos are traditionally interpreted as specialized marine hunters whose adaptation focused on the exploitation of coastal resources. Accordingly, archaeologists have assumed that the inland/coastal seasonal mobility that characterized their Pre-Dorset predecessors decreased significantly, if not altogether, and that the terrestrial ecosystem figured less prominently in the Dorset way of life. Howe- ver, several inland Dorset sites identified in the deep interior of southern Baffin Island appear to contradict this assumption; this paper describes these sites and their asso- ciated remains. Based on this information, it appears that Dorset populations in this region continued to travel long distances to the deep interior where they intensively hunted caribou and exploited local lithic resources. Résumé. Les Paléo-Eskimo Dorset sont tradi- tionnellement décrits comme des chasseurs marins spécialisés dont l’adaptation est concentrée sur l’exploitation des ressources côtières. Les archéologues ont donc pré- supposé que la mobilité saisonnière côtes/ intérieur caractéristique de leurs prédéces- seurs Pré-Dorset diminua sensiblement sinon totalement, et que l’écosystème terrestre diminua d’importance dans le mode de vie Dorset. Cependant l’identification de plu- sieurs sites Dorset profondément dans l’inté- rieur sud de l’île de Baffin semble contredire cette présupposition; cette communication décrit ces sites et les objets associés. Sur la base de cette information, il apparaît que les populations Dorset de cette région conti- nuèrent à voyager de longues distances dans l’intérieur, où ils chassaient les caribous de façon intensive, et exploitaient les ressources lithiques locales. T he culture history of the East- ern Arctic (Arctic Canada and Greenland) is typically subdivided into three broad traditions. The first began approximately 4,500 years ago when people belonging to the Arctic Small Tool tradition (ASTt) arrived from Alaska. As these populations settled in the many diverse regions of the Eastern Arctic, they developed unique regional adaptations resulting in the recognition archaeologically of the Independence I, Pre-Dorset, and Saqqaq cultures. These subsequently developed into the second major tradition, Dorset, which was later replaced by the Thule, the third tradition that originated in the Bering Strait region. The direct biological and cultural descendants of the Thule are the Inuit who inhabit the Eastern Arctic today (Helgason et al. 2006). The ASTt is typically defined as including the Independence I, Pre-Dorset, and Saqqaq Dorset Culture Land Use Strategies and the Case of Inland Southern Baffin Island S. Brooke Milne † , Robert W. Park ‡ , and Douglas R. Stenton §