A new Hetero-material Stepped Gate (HSG) SOI LDMOS for RF Power
Amplifier Applications
Radhakrishnan Sithanandam and M. Jagadesh Kumar, Senior Member, IEEE
Department of Electrical Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Delhi
New Delhi, India 110016
E-mail: radhakrishnansj@gmail.com; mamidala@ieee.org
Abstract
In this paper, we propose a new hetero-material
stepped gate (HSG) SOI LDMOS in which the gate is
divided into three sections - an n
+
gate sandwiched
between two p
+
gates and the gate oxide thickness
increases from source to drain. This new device
structure improves the inversion layer charge density
in the channel, results in uniform electric field
distribution in the drift region and reduces the gate to
drain capacitance. Using two-dimensional simulation,
the HSG LDMOS is designed and compared with the
conventional LDMOS. We demonstrate that the
proposed device exhibits 28% improvement in
breakdown voltage, 32% reduction in on-resistance,
13% improvement in transconductance, 9% reduction
in gate to drain charge and 38% reduction in
switching delay. HSG LDMOS may be effectively
deployed in RF power amplifier applications.
1. Introduction
Laterally double diffused metal oxide
semiconductor (LDMOS) technology is one of the
most attractive technologies deployed in RF power
amplifier applications because of its ease in integration
to standard CMOS technology, high input impedance
at high drive current and thermal stability [1].
Especially, silicon on insulator (SOI) LDMOS is more
attractive due to its inherent dielectric isolation, high
frequency performance and reduced parasitics [2].
However, achieving enhancement in all performance
parameters like breakdown voltage, on-resistance,
transconductance, drive current, gate to drain charge
and switching characteristics is still an active area of
research due to its tradeoffs [3]. For example, when we
increase the breakdown voltage of the LDMOS, on-
resistance also increases [4]. Similarly, when gate
oxide thickness is scaled down for improving
transconductance, gate to drain charge increases and
reliability of gate oxide becomes questionable [5].
Therefore, the motivation of this work is to explore
structural changes in SOI LDMOS to improve the
device parameters.
In this paper, therefore, we propose a new hetero-
material stepped gate (HSG) LDMOS to improve the
breakdown voltage and transconductance, and reduce
the on-resistance, gate-charge and switching delays.
We demonstrate using two dimensional device
simulations [6] that the hetero-material stepped gate
results in significant improvement in all the above
device parameters when compared with the
conventional LDMOS.
In section 2, the proposed device structure and its
fabrication procedure are explained. In section 3, we
explain the expected enhancements with the TCAD
simulation results.
2. Device Structure and Proposed
Fabrication Procedure
The HSG LDMOS and the conventional LDMOS
used for simulation are shown in Fig. 1. As shown in
the figure, in the case of HSG LDMOS, there are three
steps of gate oxide with thickness, 25 nm, 50 nm and
150 nm from source end to drift region end
respectively. The first and third gates are made of p
+
poly while middle gate uses n
+
poly. The physical
dimensions and doping profiles are same for the
conventional and the proposed device except that in the
case of the conventional device, we have used a single
n
+
poly gate and the gate oxide is chosen to be 50 nm.
The gate oxide thickness and gate work function (n
+
and p
+
poly) combination of the proposed device is
chosen such that the threshold voltage is approximately
same as the reference device. The physical and doping
parameters are shown in Table 1.
Conference Proceedings: 23rd VLSI Design - 9th Embedded Systems, January 2010. Copyright © 2010 IEEE. All rights Reserved.