Journal of Advanced Science and Engineering Research 1 (2011) 1-22
Novel Sliding Mode Controller for Robot
Manipulator using FPGA
Farzin Piltan, Atefeh Gavahian, Nasri
Sulaiman and M.H. Marhaban
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of
Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia.
SSP.ROBOTIC@yahoo.com
Article Info
Received: 25
th
July 2011
Accepted: 10
th
August 2011
Published online: 10
th
September 2011
© 2011 Design for Scientific Renaissance All rights reserved
ABSTRACT
One of the most active research areas in the field of robotics is robot manipulators control, because these
systems are multi-input multi-output (MIMO), nonlinear, and uncertainty. At present, robot manipulators
is used in unknown and unstructured situation and caused to provide complicated systems, consequently
strong mathematical tools are used in new control methodologies to design nonlinear robust controller(s)
with satisfactory performance (e.g., minimum error, good trajectory, (and) disturbance rejection). Robotic
systems controlling is vital due to the wide range of application(s). Obviously, stability and robustness are
the most minimum requirements in control systems; even though the proof of stability and robustness is
more important especially in the case of nonlinear systems. One of the best nonlinear robust controllers
which can be used in uncertainty nonlinear systems is sliding mode controller (SMC). Chattering
phenomenon is the most important challenge in this controller. Most of nonlinear controllers need real
time mobility operation; one of the most important devices which can be used to solve this challenge is
Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). FPGA can be used to design a controller in a single chip
Integrated Circuit (IC). In this research the SMC is designed using VHDL language for implementation
on FPGA device (XA3S1600E-Spartan-3E), with minimum chattering and high processing speed (63.29
MHz).
Keywords: robot manipulator, sliding mode controller, chattering phenomenon, FPGA, VHDL
language.
1. Introduction
A robot is a machine which can be programmed as a reality of tasks which it has divided into
three main categories i.e. robot manipulators, mobile robots and hybrid robots. PUMA 560 robot
manipulator is an articulated 6 DOF serial robot manipulator. This robot is widely used in
industrial and academic area and also dynamic parameters have been identified and documented
in the literature. From the control point of view, robot manipulator divides into two main
sections i.e. kinematics and dynamic parts. Estimate dynamic parameters are considerably
important to control, mechanical design and simulation (Kurfess, 2005).