Journal of Materials Physics and Chemistry, 2013, Vol. 1, No. 1, 4-8
Available online at http://pubs.sciepub.com/jmpc/1/1/2
© Science and Education Publishing
DOI:10.12691/jmpc-1-1-2
Growth, Optical, Mechanical, Dielectric and
Photoconductivity Properties of L-Proline Succinate
NLO Single Crystal
P. Balamurugaraj
1,2
, S. Suresh
3,*
, P. Koteeswari
4
, P. Mani
4
1
Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
2
Department of Physics, M adha Institute of Engineering & Technology, Chennai, India
3
Department of Physics, Loyola College, Chennai, India
4
Department of Physics, Hindustan Institute of Technology and Science, Chennai, India
*Corresponding author: sureshsagadevan@yahoo.co.in
Received December 17, 2012; Revised January 29, 2013; Accepted February 28, 2013
Abstract Single crystals of L-Proline Succinate (LPS) were grown by slow evaporation technique. Single crystal
X-ray diffraction analysis reveals that the crystal belongs to monoclinic crystal system. The optical transmission
study reveals the transparency of the crystal in the entire visible region and the cut off wave length has been found to
be 210nm. The optical band gap is found to be 5.90eV. The transmittance of L-Proline succinate crystal has been
used to calculate the refractive index (n), the extinction coefficient (K) and the real (ε
r
) and imaginary (ε
i
)
components of the dielectric constant. Mechanical strength of the grown crystal was analyzed using Vickers
microhardness tester. Nonlinear optical property of the crystal was confirmed by Kurtz Perry powder technique.
Dielectric constant measurements were carried out at different temperatures. Some fundamental data such as valence
electron plasma energy, Penn gap, Fermi energy and electronic polarizability of the grown crystal have been
estimated. Photoconductivity measurements carried out on the grown crystal reveal the negative photoconducting
nature.
Keywords: solution growth, single crystal XRD, optical transmission, SHG, dielectric constant, photoconductivity
studies
1. Introduction
Most of the nonlinear optical materials are currently
used in the fabrication of passive and active photonic
devices [1,2]. Nonlinear optical processes provide the key
functions of frequency conversion and optical switching
[3]. These applications depend upon the various properties
of the materials, such as transparency, birefringence,
refractive index, dielectric constant, therma l,
photochemical and chemical stability. Organic nonlinear
materials are attracting a great deal of attention, as they
have large optical susceptibilities, inherent ultra fast
response times and high optical thresholds for laser power
as compared with inorganic materials [4]. Although the
crystal growing technology for these materials is highly
developed and their nonlinear optical susceptibilities are
sufficient for most of the current photonic applications,
they have features that are less than desirable. Hence, new
nonlinear optical materials are needed to extend the range
of photonic applications. For any device fabrication in the
electronic industry pure and defect less single crystals are
needed. In the present work, we have grown the L-Proline
succinate single crystal by slow evaporation technique.
The grown crystal was characterized using the studies of
single crystal XRD, FTIR, UV-VIS-NIR spectral analysis,
microhardness and NLO test. Dielectric constant
measurements were also carried out at different
frequencies and temperatures. Some fundamental data
such as valence electron plasma energy, Penn gap, Fermi
energy and electronic polarizability of the grown crystal
were calculated. Photoconductivity measurements also
carried out on the grown crystal reveal the negative
photoconducting nature.
2. Experimental Procedure
Single crystals of LPS were grown from L-Proline and
succinic acid taken in equimolar ratio in aqueous solution
by slow evaporation method. The solution was stirred
continuously using a magnetic stirrer. The prepared
solution was filtered and kept undisturbed at room
temperature. Tiny seed crystals with good transparency
were obtained due to the spontaneous nucleation. Among
them, defect free seed crystal was suspended in the mother
solution, which was allowed to evaporate at room
temperature. Large size single crystals were obtained due
to collection of monomers at the seed crystal sites from
the mother solution after the nucleation process was
completed. Figure 1 shows as-grown crystals of LPS.