International Journal of Engineering Research and Development e-ISSN: 2278-067X, p-ISSN: 2278-800X, www.ijerd.com Volume 6, Issue 11 (April 2013), PP. 43-46 43 Carbon Mitigation in Indian Aviation by Blending Jet Fuel with Biofuels. Kowtham Kumar K 1 , B.Kaleeswaran 2 , George Mathew.K 3 1 M.Tech (Energy Systems), Post-Graduate Scholar, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, India 2 M.Tech (CFD), Post-Graduate Scholar, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, India 3 M.Tech (Energy Systems), Post-Graduate Scholar, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, India Abstract:- The Indian Aviation Sector has been predicted to become the world’s third largest carrier by 2020. It is expected to carry 460 million passengers per annum shortly. A sector of such magnitude need to be environment friendly. The International Air Transport Association has declared to cut its carbon emissions to 50% by 2050. The National Biofuels Policy has also targeted to blend 20% biofuels to its fossil fuel consumption. This paper aims in forecasting the jet fuel demand for the Indian Aviation sector and the subsequent carbon mitigation achieved by blending with biofuels. The utilization of the wastelands for the biofuel production in various states of India has also been forecasted. Keywords: - Aviation Turbine Fuel, Biofuels, Blend, Carbon Mitigation, India, Wastelands I. INTRODUCTION The pertinent challenge of the 21 st century is the impact of development initiatives without harmful effects on the environment. Global warming and climatic changes are now being addressed in every sector and steps are being taken to reduce the greenhouse gasemissions [1]. Indian Aviation Sector is said to be in turbulence now. But with the FDI opening India to the global market, the prospectus of the industry seems very promising [2]. The growth predicted has been very encouraging for this resurging sector. We must not forget to notice that, this increase in growth corresponds to increase in fuel consumption. Globally, Aviation sector corresponds to only 3% of the total carbon emissions [3]. This might be a small percentage, but it cannot be ignored. With India among the big players of the Aviation sector, this carbon footprint issue must be taken into consideration with utmost care. The IATA has proposed many strategies for increasing the flight efficiency in all possible ways. Out of the many action plans analysed, flexible airspace, improvements in the engine design, enhancing airport infrastructure and blending sustainable biofuels are expected to reduce the carbon footprint in a much promising way.Biofuels is the next generation fuel. With researches and trials, running successfully, it is now time to put into implementation. Many air carriers have tried out biofuels for their journey and the results are satisfactory. Few international carriers have signed deal with various biofuel companies for the supply of biofuel. Thus, the biofuel feasibility for blending with aviation biofuels have been confirmed and India has to make a move towards it. Our civil aviation sector needs to draft a policy that aims at an orderly sustainable development. It must also prepare a roadmap to implement methods to cap the carbon emissions. II. FOOD SECURITY ISSUES Biofuel comprises of both bioethanol and biodiesel. The production if biodiesel is now very meagre and no significant impact is made on the biofuel sector. This makes the Bio-Ethanol has been the biggest contributor in the biofuel category. Being an edible crop, the prospectus of this crop cultivation over large areas raises food security issues. Furthermore, the production of molasses is highly unpredictable [4]. Due to the uncertainty in the yield, there is always a gap between the supply and the demand.This effect induces problems during the fixation of prices every year. The Government has pre-negotiated prices and this often comes into debate depending upon the production. Lower production would eventually lead to higher prices, and vice versa. Additionally, since these are also used as feed for cattle and paper mills, their demand is also a much big factor when it comes to determining the prices every year. But, this temporary price change is not favourable and often leads to great crisis.