Phillips and Eternal Life: A Response to Haldane
Mikel Burley, University of Leeds
In a recent article, John Haldane has argued that, although “there is
much to learn from [D. Z. Phillips’] sensitive hermeneutical explora-
tions” of religious belief, these explorations are best viewed, contrary
to Phillips’ own assessment of what he is doing, not as “alternatives
to realist interpretations”, but “as partial analyses of claims that also
purport to be about the way things are independently of our concep-
tions and interests”.
1
In order to highlight what he sees as an inad-
equacy in Phillips’ treatment of religious beliefs, Haldane contrasts this
treatment with that of Geach.
2
While both Geach and Phillips follow
Wittgenstein in finding that the sense of religious propositions is
derived from the actual contexts of scripture and practice, only Geach
retains a clear distinction between the sense and reference of such
propositions.This distinction enables Geach to maintain that confes-
sions of religious belief, though semantically embedded in practical
discourse,can be about (or directed towards) a referent that transcends
such discursive contexts. Phillips, meanwhile, dissolves this distinction,
thereby precluding the possibility of religious propositions’ making
reference to anything outside of the particular context of language-use
itself.
While acknowledging his appreciation of the point, frequently
emphasised by Phillips, that we must not dislocate the propositional
content of religious beliefs from their proper contexts, Haldane argues
that sensitivity to linguistic context when examining religious pro-
positions does not yield interpretive results that conform to Phillips’
non-metaphysical reading; on the contrary, it reveals the irreducibly
metaphysical commitments inherent within the beliefs being
expressed. In particular, Haldane wants to argue that the Christian
belief in the resurrection of Jesus Christ, which informs the belief in
1. Haldane (2007, 251).
2. Haldane specifically cites Geach (1969).
Philosophical Investigations 31:3 July 2008
ISSN 0190-0536
© 2008The Author. Journal compilation © 2008 Blackwell Publishing Ltd., 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2DQ,
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