poster
AIC 2012 Interim Meeting, Taipei - In Color We Live: Color and Environment
Color preferences: a British/Indian comparative study
Valérie BONNARDEL
1, 2
, Sucharita BENIWAL
1
, Nijoo DUBEY
1
, Mayukhini PANDE
1
,
David BIMLER
3
1
AP-NID Color Research Lab, National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad, India.
2
University of
Winchester, Winchester, United Kingdom.
3
Massey University, New-Zealand.
ABSTRACT
A gender difference in color preference among British participants has been repeatedly
reported in independent studies (Bonnardel et al., 2006; Ling et al., 2006, Bonnardel &
Lanning, 2010). While both males and females showed a preference for blue-green colors,
females additionally expressed a preference for pink-purple colors. To investigate the
robustness of gender difference in color preference in a different culture, we tested 81 young
adult Indians from a School of Design and compared them to 80 young British students in
Psychology. Results confirm a gender difference in color preference of the same nature in the
Indian and British samples with a preference among females for pink and purple colors.
Cultural differences were only observed among females; in contrast to Indian females, the
Bristish females prefered lavender to orange colors.
1. INTRODUCTION
In context-free situations, people are willing to rank colors in order of preference or to
indicate a preferred color when given several different options. Results on color preference
are not unanimous on the subject of gender differences. Eysenck (1941) emphasised the
strong agreement between males and females in color choice, in contrast, McManus et al.
(1981) reported a greater preference for red among females. More recently, Ling et al. (2006)
tested 171 British participants (92F) and 37 (18F) Chinese participants using 8 different hues
presented in pair on a color monitor. Plotting the proportion of trials in which a given color
was chosen provided a color preference curve for each subject. Data were subjected to
Principal Component Analysis (PCA) with 3 Components accounting for 79% of the total
variance. Due to the resemblance of the two first components to the theoretical color-
opponent mechanisms (blue vs. yellow and red vs. green) data were interpreted in terms of b-
y and r-g mechanisms which could account for 70% of the total variance. A gender
difference was observed across British and Chinese samples. In average, females had positive
weight on the r-g mechanism (preference for reddish vs. greenish) while males showed the
reverse pattern. Furthermore, while the same pattern was obtained within the Chinese sample,
there was an overall increase in preference for reddish colors for the two genders. Finally,
an overall preference for blue was reported across participants . In an experiment by
Bonnardel et al. (2006), 103 participants were tested (50 young and 53 older adults) in a
triadic task in which 3 of the 21 Munsell samples were presented on each trial. Color
preference curves and Multidimentional Scaling analysis revealed a gender preference
confirming females’ preference for pink-purple colors, although gender difference was less
prominent among elderly people. Using Bimler and Kirkland's (2009) triadic test made of 16
printed Munsell samples, a similar gender difference in color preference was replicated with
80 young adults (Bonnardel and Lanning, 2010). To extend the robustness of the gender