Amir Foroughi et al./ Elixir Marketing Mgmt. 51 (2012) 10771-10774 10771
Introduction
According to previous studies such as Bian and Moutinho
(2009) nowadays counterfeiting has become an important
phenomenon in the modern economy. In many countries such as
middlest countries, demand for counterfeit branded products
increased and this event makes the study of determinants of
consumers counterfeit branded products purchase behaviour
more worthwhile than ever before. According to Clunas (1991),
counterfeiting has existed for a long time. Charity and Blatt
(1994, 1993) believe that between 1984 and 1994 the value of
counterfeit goods in the global market has increased around
1,100 percent. Penz and Stöttinger (2005) states:”
Counterfeiting, the production and sale of fake products,
which seem identical to the original product, have been
spreading across the globe at an alarming rate”. International
Anticounterfeiting Coalition(2002) reports show preferred
targets of counterfeiters are products which carry a high brand
image and require a relatively simple production technology,
such as cigarettes, wearing apparel, media, consumer
electronics, media, cigarettes. Several researchers such as., (e.g.
Green & Smith, 2002; Kay,1990) studied on counterfeiting and
they state manufacturers of the original products are well aware
of these developments and leave no opportunity untapped to
limit damages to their company’s brand reputation and profits.
The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of perceived
brand image on consumer purchase intention of counterfeits in
the context of non-deceptive counterfeiting.
Theoretical background and hypotheses
Brand image
According to definition of brand image by several
researchers such as McEnally and De Chernatony (1999);
Brand image inconsistencies, namely the difference between the
identity of a brand and its image, embody the threat of brand
dilution or might even change the values incorporated into the
brand. Brand image consistency is crucial to the success of any
brand (McEnally and De Chernatony, 1999; Phau, 2009).
One of the definition of brand image that is widely accepted
in the literature is the on contributed by Keller (1993), which
defines this term as the “perceptions about a brand reflected as
associations existing in the memory of the consumer”.
According to Martnez and Pina (2003) studies to building
the brand image is necessary to refer to both tangible and
intangible aspects, intrinsic or extrinsic, and can be the result of
both external and internal stimuli to each individual, depending
on their own experience with the brand question. The extant
literature shows that brand image is a multi-dimensional concept
, but there is no consensus on how to empirically measure it,
Keller (1993), when posing a theoretical method for measuring
brand equity, observes that brand image included associations
related to the product (attributes, benefits and attitudes), variety
of brand associations , strength of brand associations, and
uniqueness of brand associations. Several researcher such as
Bian and Moutinho 2009; Martinez and Chartony , 2004;
Plummer, 2000 argue that brand image has the three key
components include the product attributes, the
benefits/consequences of using a brand, and brand. The
following provides conceptualization of these constructs as well
as related hypotheses.
Brand personality
The brand personality concept focuses on providing a brand
with a personality that provokes an emotional response (Park et
al., 2008). Brand personality is defined as “the set of human
characteristics associated with a brand” (Aaker, 1997, p.
347).The brand personality factor enables a consumer to express
his/her own self or specific dimensions of the self (Kleine et al.,
1993). It also creates an image of the brand’s typical user (de
Chernatony and McDonald, 1998). The favourable brand
personalities are a central driver of consumer preference and
Elixir Marketing Mgmt. 51 (2012) 10771-10774
Exploring the role of brand image in explaining consumer shopping behavior of
counterfeits
Amir Foroughi
1
, Mehrdokht Sherilou
2
and Reihaneh Sadat Hajmirsadeghi
3
1
Faculty of Education, University Kebangsaan Malaysia.
2
University of IUST, Iran.
3
University of Technology Malaysia.
ABSTRACT
Nowadays in many countries, demand for counterfeit branded products increased and this
event makes the study of determinants of consumers counterfeit branded products purchase
behavior more worthwhile than ever before. The purpose of this paper was examining the
impact of perceived brand image on consumer purchase intention of counterfeits such as
clothes and shoes in the context of non-deceptive counterfeiting. The explanatory construct
in this study include a brand image (Brand Personality, Perceived product attributes,
Perceived benefits). This study conducted in Tehran, Iran. The sample size was 188
consumers in Tehran. The results indicated two of three dimensions of the brand image
constructs appear to be significantly influential to consumers purchase intention of
counterfeit branded products. The reliability of all adopted scales and validity of questions
measured and discussed by conducted Cronbach Alpha coefficient and content validity.
© 2012 Elixir All rights reserved.
Marketing Management
ARTICLE INFO
Article history:
Received: 14 August 2012;
Received in revised form:
20 September 2012;
Accepted: 3 October 2012;
Keywords
Brand image,
Consumer behavior,
Counterfeiting,
Brand personality.
Available online at www.elixirjournal.org
Tele:
E-mail addresses: foroughi.ukm@gmail.com
© 2012 Elixir All rights reserved