j. innov.dev.strategy. 3(5): September 2009 18 ANALYSIS OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF E.M.F. ON INDIVIDUAL’S AND ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENTS A.A.M. MONZUR-UL-AKHIR 1 , A.H.M. SAIFUL ISLAM 1 , SYED FOYSOL ISLAM 1 , SAKEEB ADNAN SAGOR 1 , AND SHAMIM AL MAMUN 1 1 Faculty of Engineering, University of Development Alternative (UODA), Bangladesh Accepted for publication on 11 September 2009 ABSTRACT Akhir, A.A.M.M.U., Islam, A.H.M.S., Islam, S.F., Sagor, S.A., and Mamun, S.A. 2009. Analysis of the environmental consequences of E.M.F. on individual’s and electronic equipments. J. innov.dev.strategy 3(5): 18-22. The consequential effect measurement of the absorption of electromagnetic energy on both individuals and electronic equipments is essential. Through out of this research, the electromagnetic emission on the human and electronic devices was examined with scientific experiments. According to this research experiment, model of human brain simulated with the effect of Electro Magnetic Field (EMF) was observed. The experiment was conducted in the Electronics Laboratory, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, University of Development Alternative (UODA) in collaboration with the Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, UODA, Bangladesh during the period of 2008 and 2009. The outcomes of the paper are evaluated with the results of the literature studies; an excellent conformity is identified where it was observed that the EMF has effects on human body which varies with the different parts of the body. Keywords: Environmental consequences, human brain simulation, electromagnetic field INTRODUCTION Electrical and electronic devices, wireless cellular telephones and other mobile personal communication services is the fastest growing field in the world. There is uncertainty about the health effects of Radio Frequency (RF) a certain amount of energy from radiation is absorbed by the body and converted to heat. This is called thermal effect. It results in public concern about possible health effects of human exposure to electromagnetic energy (Bernardi, et al 2000; Nikita, et al 2000). Concerns about other possible, so-called a thermal effects arising from exposure to RF frequencies include suggestions of subtle effects on cells that could have an effect on cancer development or influences on electrically excitable tissue. It could influence the function of the brain and nervous tissue. There has also been concern about whether there could be effects on brain function, with particular emphasis on headaches and memory loss. Few studies have yet investigated these possibilities (Stevens and Martens, 2000). The basic limit of exposure is expressed by the quantity called “specific absorption rate” (SAR). SAR is the time rate at which EM energy is absorbed by (dissipated in) an element of biological body mass, and is expressed in units of watts per kilogram (W/kg) (Stevens and Martens, 2000). The maximum local SAR, which is the most critical quantity in the context of potential health effects of RF energy radiated, depends on a large number of factors, such as: Design of the device, its operational frequency and antenna input power and orientation with respect to the human. The most investigated effect of EM energy on biological tissues is the transformation of energy entering the tissues into increased kinetic energy of the absorbing molecules, thereby producing a general heating in the medium. The power absorbed by the tissues will produce a temperature rise that is dependent on the cooling mechanism of the tissue. The SAR can applicable to mobile phones and it is a way of measuring the RF that is absorbed by the tissue. Determination of SAR can be made either by using sophisticated computer modeling techniques or by performing tests on a model called a “phantom”. Years of research have gone into understanding and developing ways to calculate the complexities involved in determining SAR values for products that produce radio frequency emissions. The results of that research are the current and recently revised FCC RF emissions guidelines based on the ANSI/IEEE and NCRP standards. (Çelik, 2001; Demirbilek, 2001; Anonymous, 1998; Anonymous, 2000). SAR testing on wireless phones is done at the maximum power output level for the phone. Wireless phones though, typically operate at power levels below peak power and often at just 25% their allowable power. Phones operate at constantly varying power levels due to many factors such as distance from the nearest base station and also to conserve battery power. SAR is defined as; ρ σ 2 i E SAR = Or dt dT C SAR i = Or ρσ 2 J SAR = σ = conductivity of body tissue s/m, ρ = density of body tissue in kg/m3, Ei = rms value electric field in the tissue V/m, Ci = heat capacity of body tissue in J/kgK, T = temperature, J = magnitude of the induced current, density in the body tissue A/ 2 m . j. innov.dev.strategy. 3(5): 18-22 (September 2009) © Green World Foundation (GWF)