COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF CRANKSHAFT FOR
DIESEL ENGINE
N. TRACY JONAFARK & Y. V. MOHAN REDDY
Department of Mechanical Engineering, G. Pulla Reddy Engineering College, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh, India
ABSTRACT
Crankshaft is one of the critical components for the effective and precise working of the internal combustion
engine. In this paper a dynamic simulation is conducted on a crankshaft from a single cylinder 4- stroke diesel engine.
A three-dimension model of diesel engine crankshaft is modeled using UNIGRAPHICS software. Finite element analysis
(FEA) is performed to obtain the variation of stress magnitude at critical locations of crankshaft. Simulation inputs are
taken from the engine specification chart. The dynamic analysis is done using FEA Software ANSYS which resulted in the
load spectrum applied to crank pin bearing. This load is applied to the FE model in ANSYS, and boundary conditions are
applied according to the engine mounting conditions. The analysis was done for different engine speeds and as a result
critical engine speed and critical region on the crankshaft were obtained. Stress variation over the engine cycle and the
effect of torsional load in the analysis were investigated.
KEYWORDS: Crank Shaft in Ansys, Finite Element Analysis, Stress Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Crankshaft is one of the most important moving parts in internal combustion engine. Crankshaft is a large
component with a complex geometry in the engine, which converts the reciprocating displacement of the piston into a
rotary motion. And as the engine runs, the power impulses hit the crankshaft in one place and then another. The torsional
vibration appears when a power impulse hits a crankpin toward the front of the engine and the power stroke ends. If not
controlled, it can break the crankshaft. Crankshaft model is modeled by UNIGRAPHICS NX5 software and then imported
to ANSYS software. The crankshaft deformation was mainly bending deformation under the lower frequency. And the
maximum deformation was located at the link between main bearing journal, crankpin and crank cheeks. Researched a
three-dimensional model of a diesel engine crankshaft was established by using UNIGRAPHICS NX5 software. Using
ANSYS analysis tool, it shows that the high stress region mainly concentrates in the knuckles of the crank arm & the main
journal and the crank arm & connecting rod journal ,which is the area most easily broken. Described the stress
concentration in static analysis of the crankshaft model. This paper deals with the dynamic analysis of the whole
crankshaft. Investigated first dynamic load analysis of the crankshaft. Results from the FE model are then presented which
includes identification of the critically stressed location, variation of stresses over an entire cycle, and a discussion of the
effects of engine speed as well as torsion load on stresses.
A detailed procedure of obtaining stresses in the fillet area of a crankshaft was introduced by Henry et al. [1],in
which FEM and BEM (Boundary Element Method) were used. Obtained stresses were verified by experimental results on
a 1.9 liter turbocharged diesel engine with Ricardo type combustion chamber configuration. The crankshaft durability
assessment tool used in this study was developed by RENAULT. The software used took into account torsional vibrations
and internal centrifugal loads. Fatigue life predictions were made using the multiaxial Dang Van criterion. The procedure
developed is such it that could be used for conceptual design and geometry optimization of crankshaft.Jian Meng et al. [4]
International Journal of Mechanical and
Production Engineering Research and
Development (IJMPERD)
ISSN 2249-6890
Vol. 3, Issue 4, Oct 2013, 39-46
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