British Journal of Social Psychology (2013)
© 2013 The British Psychological Society
www.wileyonlinelibrary.com
Transitivity analysis: A framework for the study of
social values in the context of points of view
Stavroula Tsirogianni
1*
and Gordon Sammut
2
1
Methodology Department, London School of Economics, London, UK
2
Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of Malta, Malta
Since its inception, psychology has struggled with issues of conceptualization and
operationalization of social-psychological phenomena. The study of social values and
points of view has been prone to such difficulties, despite a predominant concern of
qualitative distinctions in the variability of both of these phenomena across different
individuals and social groups. And while interest in both traces a common origin in
Rokeach’s studies of narrow mindedness, the study of both phenomena has since
proceeded apace. In this study, we posit a renewed reconciliation between the two that is
best served through a social-psychological model of points of view in terms of the values
that inspire them. We draw on critical linguistics to propose a theoretical and
methodological framework that can aid a systematic study of value structures as they take
different forms and meanings through particular types of points of view. In five stages of
qualitative analysis, the model deconstructs utterances into distinct terms that reveal a
predominant perspective-taking style that can be utilized towards the categorization of
different points of view, in terms of values that imbue them and that serve to provide them
with a coherent angle of constructing a particular narrative.
Methodological procedures provide psychology with its scientific pedigree and enable it
to make claims to knowledge (Jovchelovitch, 2007). Methodological principles, however,
have been subject to extensive debate among scholars over the years. Few have proven
more contentious than the conceptualization and operationalization of mental phenom-
ena. These two processes provide the bedrock for much inductive research that has come
to dominate the psychological sciences. This method of doing psychology, however, is
not without its problems (see Toomela & Valsiner, 2010). In particular, the translation of a
concept into an operationalized variable is prone to a phenomenological error where the
observed measure no longer effectively represents the original phenomenon of inquiry,
such that the ensuing variable may either emerge as a measurement artefact or a different
phenomenon altogether. There is perhaps no better example of this in psychology than
the measurement of closed (or narrow) mindedness.
In this study, we advance an analytical framework that aims at overcoming some of the
issues associated with this construct. To start, we recognize qualitative differences
between different points of view. We argue that differences in points of view preclude the
unilinear measurement of mental states on a single quantitative continuum that has come
to dominate the study of closed/open mindedness.
*Correspondence should be addressed to Stavroula Tsirogianni, Methodology Department, London School of Economics,
Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE, UK (e-mail: s.tsirogianni@lse.ac.uk).
Both authors contributed equally to the paper.
DOI:10.1111/bjso.12047
1