749 A. Curaj et al. (eds.), European Higher Education at the Crossroads:
Between the Bologna Process and National Reforms,
DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-3937-6_40, © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2012
40.1 Introduction
A recent report by the EU Committee on the Regions (CoR 2011) outlines the ‘need
for renewal of societal and industrial structure and processes…..Old practices and
structures are not enough to achieve the goals EU political leaders have in their
minds for improving welfare and quality of life of its citizens’. This Committee
goes on to say ‘it is time to re-invent the future for Europe, but the gap between lat-
est research knowledge and real life practice is huge’. Markku Markkula, advisor to
CoR and actively involved in leading university led societal innovation at Aalto
University, believes ‘cities and regions must become real implementation fields for
Chapter 40
Entrepreneurialism and Financing for Improved
Academic Enterprise
1
in Higher Education:
Coaching for Leadership and Innovation
Reflecting True Demand
2
James A. Powell and Beliz Ozorhon
J.A. Powell (*)
Academic Director of the PASCAL International Programme on Universities
for a Modern Renaissance, UK Ambassador for Social Enterprise in Higher Education,
Director of Smart City Futures and UPBEAT, Ambassador for the Leonardo European
Corporate Learning Awards, & Member of the New Club of Paris
e-mail: james@jamesapowell.com
B. Ozorhon
Civil Engineering Department, Bogazici University, 34342 Bebek, Istanbul, Turkey
e-mail: beliz.ozorhon@boun.edu.tr
1
The words ‘Reach-Out’, ‘Outreach’ and ‘Academic Enterprise’ are used interchangeably in this
paper to represent what is called, in Britain, the ‘Third Stream’ of a University Mission. You will
realise from the text that we see this as an equal ‘First Mission’ for Universities and not a lower
level activity. For us it represents a rich form of relationship between Universities and their external
partners from business, industry, the civil and voluntary services and the community. We prefer the
term Academic Enterprise as the key term for this activity because it suggests universities becoming
more enterprising in their ways of Reaching-Out/Outreach, where knowledge sharing between all
parties in any partnership is virtuous, so Academic Enterprise is the main one used this through the
text, but Reach-out and Outreach are also used in the writing for variety and to add colour.
2
Eleanor Jackson, Professor Powell’s doctoral student, has provided significant thinking in this
paper and her findings are appropriately referenced.