© W. S. Maney & Son Ltd 2013 DOI 10.1179/0263990413Z.00000000037
romance studies, Vol. 31 No. 2, April 2013, 84–100
Becoming (M)other: Reflectivity in
Le Journal des Demoiselles
Susan Hiner
Vassar College, USA
This article explores the complex positioning of Jeanne-Justine Fouqueau de
Pussy (J.J.), editor-in-chief and columnist for the long-running Journal des
Demoiselles (1833–96), vis-à-vis the dominant ideology of the feminine in
nineteenth-century France. From 1833 to her retirement in 1853, J.J., a self-
supporting and mature divorcée living alone, presented herself as a jeune
fille who lived at home with her parents and corresponded about the latest
fashions and trends with an anonymous and imaginary reader. This article
argues that, in spite of the journal’s markedly conservative tenor as a vehicle
for promoting respectable femininity and its explicit aim to prepare young
girls for bourgeois marriage, the columns of its principal spokeswoman can
be read as the expression of an alternative agenda centred in female sociabil-
ity and autonomy. Analysing fashion plates and sewing patterns alongside
sample columns from the twenty-year span of J.J.’s ‘Correspondance’, the
article traces the idea of literal and figurative ‘reflectivity’ to investigate J.J.’s
mixing of surface and subtextual messages.
keywords Jeanne-Justine Fouqueau de Pussy, Journal des Demoiselles,
reflectivity, feminine press, sewing, fashion, marriage, women’s studies
In 1853, at the age of seventy-seven, Jeanne-Justine Fouqueau de Pussy, who signed
her correspondence column for the Journal des Demoiselles simply ‘J.J’., passed her
pen to one E.E. and headed to Trouville for a rest. Her successor thanked her in the
journal’s next issue for her ‘voix amie qui, pendant si longtemps, nous a dirigées dans
nos devoirs, nos études, nos travaux, comme la meilleure des mères, et s’occupait de
nos plaisirs comme la plus douce et la plus aimable des sœurs’ (E.E., 1853: 282).
Friend, mother, and sister, J.J. had spent the past twenty years chronicling contem-
porary fashion and mores for the readership of the young ladies’ journal always in
the guise of a youthful virgin eager to share with her fabricated provincial corre-
spondent the latest news and trends from Paris. But beneath the discourse of the
helpful and slightly more worldly sister-friend lay the gently prescriptive voice of a
dominating mother whose task it was to form the daughters of France in her own
virtuous image.