© Kamla-Raj 2009 J Hum Ecol, 25(1): 61-62 (2009)
Intervention of Iron-folic Acid in School children
Bharat H. Patel
1
, Deepak Saxena
2
, Deepika Singhal
1
, Vipul Keerti Sharma
3
,
R. S. Maheshwari
4
and M. M. Prakash
5
1. Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Surat, Gujarat, India
2. Department of Opthalmology, Smimer, Surat 395001, Gujarat, India
E-mail: ddeepak72@yahoo_com
3. Post Graduate Department of Zoology, P. M. B. Gujarati Science College,
Indore 452 001, Madhya Pradesh, India
E-mail: vipulkeerti@yahoo.com
4. Department of Biochemestry, Government Holkar Science College, Indore 452 017
Madhya Pradesh, India
5. Department of Zoology, Government Holkar Science College, Indore 452 017
Madhya Pradesh, India
KEYWORDS Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA). Iron-Folic Acid Supplementation (IFAS). Anaemia
ABSTRACT Iron and folate deficiency is an important cause of anaemia among young children. Folate is necessary
for the production and maintenance of new cells. This is especially important during periods of rapid cell division and
growth such as infancy and pregnancy. The aim of this study was to estimate the magnitude of iron deficiency and the
improvement in the Hb level by alternate day IFA supplementation. It was observed that amongst 65 students, 63%
were found to be anaemic. After alternate day IFA supplementation for 1 month the prevalence decreased to 48.4%
with overall increase in mean Hb of 0.59 gm%, from 11.29 to 11.88.
INTRODUCTION
Adolescence is a significant period of human
growth and maturation, unique changes occur
an many adult patterns are established. Following
early childhood (<2 yr), during the adolescent
growth spurt, the risk of iron deficiency and
anaemia reappears (Dallman et al. 1980). Iron
deficiency affects the ability of adolescents to
read, write and learn also. The USAID/OMNI/
PCD consultation concluded, “iron supplemen-
tation resulted in significant improvement in
school measurements of verbal and other
measurable skills among primary school children
and adolescents” (Draper 1997). The present
study was conducted to estimate the magnitude
of aneamia and to see the impact of IFA
supplementation on prevalence of it.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
After getting permission from the authority
of Sarvodaya School, Bhatar Road, Surat, Hb
estimation of the students was done using sahli’s
acid hematin method. The principle in Sahli’s
method involves the conversion of haemoglobin
to acid hematin and comparing visually the colour
developed with that of standard tinted glass.
Haemoglobin value is directly red from the
graduated haemoglobin tube. Then the data was
analyzed and students were grouped into
Anaemic (<12 gm%) and Non-anaemic categories
as per WHO classification. After that, supervised
administration of Iron-Folic acid tablet (each
containing 100 mg of elemental Iron and 0.5 mg of
Folic acid) was given to each anaemic student in
the afternoon, after meal, every second day for a
month. A session was arranged for all the students
including non-anaemic students, their parents
and teachers to make them aware about various
aspects of anaemia and its prevention using
charts, posters and brochures.
After intervention, again Hb was estimated.
The data were analyzed using epi-info version 6
programme.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Of the total 65 students, 43 (66.2%) were boys
and 22 (33.8%) were girls. 49.2% students had
more than one sibling. Looking at mother’s
education; from 18 students, whose mother
studied up to primary level, 72.2% were anaemic,
whereas prevalence was 62.9% for those whose
mother studied above primary level. Diet-wise,
60% students were vegetarian; of them, 61.5% of