255 SPIXIANA 32 2 255–264 München, November 2009 ISSN 0341– 8391 New species and records of Beardius Reiss & Sublette from Brazil (Diptera, Chironomidae) Luiz Carlos de Pinho, Humberto Fonseca Mendes & Trond Andersen Pinho, L. C., H. F. Mendes & T. Andersen (2009): New species and records of Beardius Reiss & Sublette from Brazil (Diptera, Chironomidae). – Spixiana 32/2: 255-264 Two new species of Beardius Reiss et Sublette, 1985 from Brazil are described and figured, B. fittkaui spec. nov. as male and pupae and B. urupeatan spec. nov. as male only. A new record of B. cristhinae Trivinho-Strixino & Siqueira, 2007 from the Mato Grosso State is given. Keys to males, larvae and pupae are provided. Luiz Carlos de Pinho, Departamento de Biologia, FFCLRP-USP, Av. Bandei- rantes, n. 3900, CEP 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto – SP, Brazil; e-mail: lcpinho@pg.ffclrp.usp.br Humberto Fonseca Mendes & Trond Andersen, The Natural History Collections, Bergen Museum, University of Bergen, Muséplass 3, N-5020 Bergen, Norway; e-mail: humberto.mendes@bm.uib.no, trond.andersen@zmb.uib.no Introduction The genus Beardius was erected by Reiss & Sublette (1985) based on three new species, B. parcus from Venezuela and Brazil, B. breviculus from Panama, and B. truncatus from Texas, USA. Later, Andersen & Sæther (1996) described three new species, B. aci- culatus from Costa Rica and Mexico, B. lingulatus and B. triangulatus from Costa Rica; Jacobsen & Perry (2000) one new species, B. reissi Jacobsen from Florida, USA; Trivinho-Strixino & Strixino (2000) two new species, B. phytophilus and B. xylophilus from Brazil; and Trivinho-Strixino & Siqueira (2007) two more new species, B. cristhinae and B. roquei from Brazil. The genus thus comprises 11 species, all distributed in South and Central America or in the southern parts of USA. The larvae are associ- ated with macrophytes or submerged wood in both standing and flowing waters (Jacobsen & Perry 2000, Trivinho-Strixino & Strixino 2000). Recently we borrowed the Beardius material housed in the Zoologische Staatssammlung, Munich. Most of this material was collected by Ernst J. Fittkau during his expeditions to the Amazon in the 1960s. In the material we found two new species, which are described and figured below. We also have ad- ditional material of one of these species from Acre State in the Amazon area and from São Paulo and Santa Catarina States in southeastern and southern Brazil. In addition, the material contained one male of B. cristhinae from Mato Grosso State, a species which was recently described from São Paulo State in south- eastern Brazil (Trivinho-Strixino & Siqueira 2007). Material and methods The specimens were mounted on slides in Euparal ® fol- lowing the procedure outlined by Sæther (1969). The general terminology and abbreviations follow Sæther (1980). Measurements are given as ranges, followed by the mean when more than three specimens were meas- ured, followed by the number of specimens measured in parenthesis. Pencil drawings were made using a Nikon micro- scope with drawing tube. The caudal and lateral views of the hypopygium were drawn based on temporary slides in 85 % glycerol. The drawings of the hypopygia were later inked and assembled in Adobe Photoshop 7 ® . The remaining illustrations were made using the soft- ware Adobe Illustrator CS2 ® .