A Review of the Nye Site, Wisconsin Marlin F. Hawley, Matthew G. Hill, Christopher C. Widga, and Darrell W. Kittleson ➤ Keywords: Bison, Holocene, Early Man The Nye site (47PK206) was reported in 1935 by zoologist S. Eddy and anthropologist A. E. Jenks at the University of Minnesota (UM). According to their Science article (Eddy and Jenks 1935), on 28 October 1934 a farmer in the St. Croix River valley (between Minnesota and Wisconsin) brought to them several large animal bones, which Eddy identified as an extinct species of bison (Bison oliverhayi) (Eddy and Jenks 1935). Over the next several months Eddy collected an estimated 1,500 bones from the undisclosed source, said to be marl pits. Rosendahl (1948:290) reported a personal communication from Eddy indicating that fully 90% of the bones were bison. Elk and caribou bones were also reportedly present. Eddy and Jenks (1935) offered an MNI of 40 bison ranging in age from calves to 3 years; at least 6 adults were supposed to be represented. McDonald (1981) examined bison crania from Nye at the Bell Museum of Natural History at UM, and identified B. antiquus antiquus and B. a. occidentalis. More recently, preliminary analysis of the Nye bison crania indi- cates that their morphology could be accommodated within the variability of other regional bison assemblages from the early to mid Holocene (Hill et al. 2011). By 1934–1935 Jenks, a prominent UM anthropologist, was already deeply involved in investigating putative Early Man sites in the upper Midwest, includ- ing the Arvilla Culture and Minnesota Woman (Jenks 1932a, 1932b, 1933, 1934, 1935). Not surprisingly, Eddy and Jenks (1935) framed the discovery as yet another in a growing list of Early Man sites in the region. Bone preserva- Marlin F. Hawley, Museum Archaeology Program, Wisconsin Historical Society, Madison , WI; e-mail: marlin.hawley@wisconsinhistory.org Matthew G. Hill, Department of Anthropology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA; e-mail: mghill@ iastate.edu Christopher C. Widga, Illinois State Museum, Springfield, IL; e-mail: cwidga@museum.state.il.us Darrell W. Kittleson, Polk County Historical Society, Balsam Lake, WI. CRP 28, 2011 HAWLEY ET AL. 161