Fuzzy Speed Controller for Mobile Robots Navigation in Unknown Static
Environments
Yahya Tashtoush and Israa Haj-Mahmoud
Computer Science Department, CIT, Jordan University of Science and Technology
yahya-t@just.edu.jo, israa_haj_mahmoud@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Mobile robots that navigate in unknown environments
should be provided with a module that is responsible
for controlling its speed. In this paper, a new fuzzy
speed controller is offered to control the speed of a
mobile robot that navigates in unknown static
environments. The proposed controller considers three
factors; the turning heading angle taken by the robot
for each step, the distance to the nearest obstacle, and
the importance of each sensor. Simulation results show
an enhancement in the robot behavior (in terms of time
and route) when the proposed fuzzy controller is used
as compared to the same robot with constant speed.
KEYWORDS
Fuzzy speed controller, mobile robot, unknown
environment, navigation system
1 INTRODUCTION
In real life applications of mobile robots such as
space robots, robots employed to help in rescue
missions in catastrophic conditions, and robots
deployed in military applications, reducing the
time that a robot takes to reach a target point is
considered crucial and of critical importance. For
example, in rescue missions, some extra few
minutes for a robot to find injured people will
possibly stand as a boundary between life and
death.
Controlling the speed of a mobile robot is an
important issue regardless of the navigation
environment type, but in unknown navigation
environments, controlling the speed becomes a
challenge. In unknown environments the robot’s
only way of detecting objects and obstacles is via
its sensory system. One of the simplest types of
sensors is ultrasonic sensors.
The speed of a mobile robot should be optimized
according to the surrounding obstacles. Speed
optimization can reduce the time taken by the
robot to reach a specified destination. For
example, in less crowded areas, the robot should
move faster, while it should move slower in
crowded areas to avoid collisions. The speed
should also depend on the distance between the
robot and the nearest obstacle. Moreover, the
angle in which the robot will move in every step,
is another factor to be considered. If the robot
tends to make a turn in a wide angle, it must
reduce its speed to avoid accidents caused by the
centrifugal force, exactly the same situations
encountered while driving a car in real life.
In this paper, a fuzzy system is proposed to
precisely tune the robot’s speed according to a
number of factors including the distance to the
nearest obstacle, the turning heading angle, and
the importance of the sensor’s reading.
Considering the factors included, the proposed
fuzzy speed controller imitates the way of a car
driver controls the speed.
The proposed system is tested by simulation
within a wide range of different environments in a
try to include as much cases as possible.
The rest of this paper is organized as the
following: The next section is a glance at the
navigation system and section 4 is a literature
review of recent studies in this field. Section 5
describes the proposed fuzzy speed controller in
details. Section 6 illustrates simulation results.
Section 7 concludes the study and possible future
work.
2 THE BASE NAVIGATION SYSTEM
In our study on path planning for mobile robots
[1], Al-Jarrah and me introduced a navigation
system that imitates the human driver by using
ISBN: 978-0-9891305-1-6 ©2013 SDIWC 139