Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res., 83 (1), 2013, 67 – 72 67
DOI 10.1024/0300-9831/a000146 Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res. 83 (1) © 2013 Hans Huber Publishers, Hogrefe AG, Bern
Research Note
Rapid Determination
of Coenzyme Q10 in Food
Supplements Using
1
H NMR Spectroscopy
Yulia B. Monakhova
1,2,3
, Ingrid Ruge
1
, Thomas Kuballa
1
, Christiane Lerch
4
,
and Dirk W. Lachenmeier
1,5
1
Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt (CVUA) Karlsruhe, Germany
2
Bruker Biospin GmbH, Rheinstetten, Germany
3
Department of Chemistry, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia
4
Chemisches und Veterinäruntersuchungsamt (CVUA) Stuttgart, Germany
5
Ministry of Rural Affairs and Consumer Protection, Stuttgart, Germany
Received: May 26, 2012; Accepted: February 4, 2013
Abstract: A methodology utilizing
1
H NMR spectroscopy has been developed to measure the con-
centration of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) in dietary supplements. For sample preparation, a very simple
dilution with deuterated chloroform and addition of internal standard is sufficient. CoQ10 produces a
distinct peak of the CH groups in the isoprene side chain of the molecule in the δ 5.15 – 5.05 ppm range,
where it can be distinguished from other matrix compounds. The method was shown to be of adequate
sensitivity with a limit of detection (LOD) of 7.8 mg/L, to control the CoQ10 content in the majority
of the products. The precision expressed as relative standard deviation was around 5 %; linearity was
observed from 14 to 2000 mg/L (R = 0.99). The developed methodology was applied for the analysis
of 21 food supplements (capsules, tablets, and liquid products). On the basis of the labeled amounts,
only two products contained substantially lower concentrations of CoQ10 (57 % and 51 %). All other
concentrations varied between 83 % and 190 % with respect to labeling. The developed NMR method
may be used by quality assurance laboratories for routine control of CoQ10 products.
Key words: food supplements, NMR spectroscopy, CoQ10, ubiquinone
Introduction
Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) is a naturally occurring mol-
ecule for which a range of potential health benefits has
been postulated [1], but according to the European
Food Safety Authority, a cause and effect relationship
has not been established between the consumption of
CoQ10 and the health claims submitted by the industry
[2]. A significant number of CoQ10-containing dietary
supplements are nevertheless available on the market
and these products have gained increasing popularity.
A key challenge therefore is to develop an analytical