Identities: Global Studies in Culture and Power, 10: 109–131, 2003
Copyright © 2003 Taylor & Francis
1070-289X/03 $12.00 +.00
DOI: 10.1080/10702890390180732
Contesting Formosa: Tragic Remembrance, Urban
Space, and National Identity in Taipak
1
Scott Simon
Department of Sociology, University of Ottawa
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Throughout the world, national identities are inscribed on communities through the
construction of social space. Although the identity of Taiwan—as Chinese versus
Formosan—has been contested for the past fifty years, the struggles over space and
memory have become increasingly visible since the lifting of martial law in 1987. This
article, a product of five years of field research in Taiwan, is an attempt to read some
ways in which so-called Native Taiwanese have begun to inscribe a non-Chinese iden-
tity on social space in Taipak and beyond. In particular, I focus on how struggles for
control over social memory have played out in the transformation of Taipak’s New Park
into a memorial for the Massacre of February 28. Although it is only one social field on
which the struggle for Taiwanese identity is fought, New Park has become one of the
major points of contention between ethnic groups on the island.
Key Words: nationalism, social memory, ethnicity, identity, Taiwan
A “current of social thought” is ordinarily as invisible as the atmosphere we breathe.
In normal life its existence is recognized only when it is resisted. (Halbwachs 1980
[1950]: 38)
Throughout the world, national identities are inscribed on communities through
the construction of social space. National monuments, such as the Lincoln and
Washington Memorials in Washington, D.C., reinforce identities as tourists/pil-
grims walk physically through social space to venerate the legendary deeds of past
leaders. They leave concrete evidence of political change, as when the Monument
to the People’s Heroes and the Great Hall of the People were built outside of the
gates of the imperial Forbidden City in Beijing. They can also be conscious signs
of reconciliation, as when the execution grounds of the French Revolution were
reconstructed as Place de la Concorde in Paris. Yet the struggles that surely lay
beyond the construction of those and other monuments are rarely visible in con-
temporary life. Events at Taipak’s New Park give us a rare chance to observe the
construction of space, the creation of collective memory, and how both are con-
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