Daniel Otieno et al./ Elixir Edu. Tech. 66 (2014) 20685-20689 20685
Introduction
Globally, education has been seen as a catalyst for social
transformation, wealth creation, and national development.
Nevertheless, demand for education, particularly in developing
countries, continues to grow, and the gap between supply and
demand widens (UNESCO Institute for Statistics, 2006).
Distance education has therefore emerged out of social
compulsion, the dynamics of change and new cultures. It was
the failure of traditional systems to be able to meet the demand
in countries, where the resources available for tertiary education
are limited, which basically gave birth to the new trend of
education known as open and distance education (Duncan, et al.,
2003).
The demand for higher Education has experienced
unprecedented growth in the recent years. The upsurge in social
demand for continuous learning has led to open and distance
education (Nyerere, Gravenir & Mse, 2012). This mode of
learning utilizes the electronic platforms and has also been
referred to as e-learning. The demand is driven by the need for a
workforce with the technical and professional skills required for
the expanding global knowledge based society. In Africa, the
demand for higher education and technical skills to drive the
developing economies has outstripped the supply to the labour
force. Increasingly, many developing countries are experiencing
strained resources in provision of education services especially
at higher levels. The number of government sponsored students
increased from 20,073 in 2009/10 to 32, 648 in 2010/11. In the
Technical Vocational Education and Training Institutions, total
enrolment increased to 81,114 students (GOK, 2012). Data from
the Education Sector report (2012) indicate that:
“The number of universities both public and private
increased from 28 in 2009/2010 to 58 in 2011/2012 comprising
7 public universities, 24 constituent university colleges and 27
private universities. Enrollment increased from 177,735 students
(144,181 in public universities and 33,554 students in private
universities) in 2009/10 to 361,147 students (271,143 in public
universities and 90,004 in private universities) in 2011/2012 as a
result of the upgrading of twenty four institutions to university
colleges as well as expansion of physical facilities in various
public universities.” Pg.31
With this increased social demand and enrollment in
Universities and tertiary institutions, the challenges of access
and equity have become more real than ever. In order to meet
this challenge, many Universities and tertiary level institutions
have embarked on methods to expand access to higher education
through decentralization and online learning programs. This has
given rise to several University Campuses mushrooming in
areas which were previously unprecedented. The expansion of
public Universities has not been sufficient to meet demand as
many qualified students leaving high school are still not able to
secure admission in public universities. Open and Distance
learning (ODL) has therefore emerged as an alternative
approach to expand access to those who cannot join regular
University programmes.
Open and Distance learning (ODL) emerged from the idea
of correspondence course that were offered by Universities such
as University of South Africa (UNISA). The success of UNISA
Blended Learning in Higher Education: Learners’ Preferences and Insights
Daniel Otieno* and Eric Osoro
Department of Education, Africa Nazarene University.
ABSTRACT
This research study was conducted on the prevailing learners’ perceptions and preferences
towards Blended Learning in Higher Education. This was a case study involving one private
University in Kenya. The purpose of the study was to assess the learners’ perspectives of
Blended Learning, identify their experiences and make recommendations for improvement
of program design and delivery. The study design adopted a mixed research approach and
was situated within Garrison (2008) theoretical framework of Community of Inquiry (CoL).
The research addressed the following research objectives: What are the reasons for choosing
the Blended Learning program? What are the learners’ perceptions towards the quality of
preparation and delivery of blended learning programs? How do learners compare the
Blended Learning and traditional classroom learning? What are the suggestions for the
future development of Blended Learning? Participants were drawn from cohorts of learners
enrolled at different stages of study in the Blended Learning program at the University. A
purposive sampling technique was used to identify participants. The participants responded
to questionnaire that was emailed to them by their course instructors. The completed
questionnaires were subsequently emailed back to the researcher. Analysis of data was done
using descriptive and inferential statistics. Pearson-Product moment correlation coefficient
was used to describe relationships between variables. The findings from the study indicate
that when there is greater social and teaching presence, learner’s satisfaction increases.
Provision of support in terms of teaching presence and instructional resources needs to be
enhanced. Facilitators of Blended Learning courses have to be more proactive and initiate
frequent online discussions to enrich their courses.
© 2014 Elixir All rights reserved
ARTICLE INFO
Article history:
Received: 7 November 2013;
Received in revised form:
3 January 2014;
Accepted: 10 January 2014;
Keywords
Blended Learning,
Higher Education,
Perceptions,
Challenges.
Elixir Edu. Tech. 66 (2014) 20685-20689
Educational Technology
Available online at www.elixirpublishers.com (Elixir International Journal)
Tele:
E-mail addresses: dotieno@anu.ac.ke
© 2014 Elixir All rights reserved