International Journal of the Physical Sciences Vol. 6(14), pp. 3539-3550, 18 July, 2011
Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/IJPS
DOI: 10.5897/IJPS11.272
ISSN 1992 - 1950 ©2011 Academic Journals
Full Length Research Paper
Thermodynamic performance analysis of gas-turbine
power-plant
M. M. Rahman
1,2
, Thamir K. Ibrahim
1
* and Ahmed N. Abdalla
3
1
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Tun Razak Highway, 26300 Gambang, Kuantan,
Pahang, Malaysia
2
Automotive Engineering Centre, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Tun Razak Highway, 26300 Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang,
Malaysia
3
Faculty of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Tun Razak Highway, 26300 Gambang,
Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia.
Accepted 04 April, 2011
This paper was presented the parametric study of thermodynamic performance on gas turbine power
plant. The variation of operating conditions (compression ratio, turbine inlet and exhaust temperature,
air to fuel ratio, isentropic compressor and turbine efficiency, and ambient temperature) on the
performance of gas turbine (thermal efficiency, compressor work, power, specific fuel consumption,
heat rate) were investigated. The analytical formula for the specific work and efficiency were derived
and analyzed. The programming of performance model for gas turbine was developed utilizing the
MATLAB software. The results show that the compression ratio, ambient temperature, air to fuel ratio
as well as the isentropic efficiencies are strongly influence on the thermal efficiency. In addition, the
thermal efficiency and power output decreases linearly with increase of the ambient temperature and air
to fuel ratio. However, the specific fuel consumption and heat rate increases linearly with increase of
both ambient temperature and air to fuel ratio. Thus the thermodynamic parameters on cycle
performance are economically feasible and beneficial for the gas turbine operations.
Key words: Gas turbine, compression ratio, air to fuel ratio, thermal efficiency, power, turbine inlet temperature.
INTRODUCTION
The gas turbine (GT) performance is affected by
component efficiencies and turbine working temperature.
The effect of temperature is very predominant for every
56°C increase in temperature; the work output increases
approximately 10% and gives about 1.5% increase in
efficiency (Johnke and Mast, 2002). Overall efficiency of
the gas turbine cycle depends primarily upon the
pressure ratio of the compressor. It is important to realize
that in the gas turbine the processes of compression,
combustion and expansion do not occur in a single
component as they occurred in a reciprocating engine.
It is well known that the performance can be qualified
*Corresponding author. E-mail: thamirmathcad@yahoo.com.
with respect to its efficiency, power output, specific fuel
consumption as well as work ratio. There are several
parameters that affect its performance including the com-
pressor compression ratio, combustion inlet temperature
and turbine inlet temperature (TIT) (Mahmood and Mahdi,
2009, Rahman et al., 2010). Taniquchi and Miyamae
(2000) were carried out the study on the effects of
ambient temperature, ambient pressure as well as the
temperature of exhaust gases on performance of gas
turbine as shown in Figure 1. There is an obvious drop in
the power output as the ambient air temperature
increases, if an increase of intake air ambient
temperature from ISO condition 15 to 30°C which is 10%
decrease in the net power output. This is particularly
relevant in tropical climates where the temperature varies
25 to 35°C throughout the year (Boonnasa et al., 2006).