Inventi Impact: Planta Activa Vol. 2013, Issue 1
[E-ISSN 2250-026X, P-ISSN 2249-3557]
2013 ppa 200, CCC: $10 © Inventi Journals (P) Ltd
Published on Web 15/01/2013, www.inventi.in
RESEARCH ARTICLE
INTRODUCTION
Shodhana (purification), one of the procedures mentioned in
Ayurveda, has been recommended for many drugs of both
poisonous and non poisonous category, by different Ayurveda
pharmacopoeias. Duration of the shodhana procedures, in
terms of time and number, also differs in many drugs.
[1]
Hence, it is praiseworthy to find the difference taking place in
the drug and media, after shodhana. Analysis of media, used
for shodhana, can throw some light on the changes taking
place in the herb or the drug.
Absorbance spectroscopy is a technique useful in
various conditions such as detection of impurities,
structure elucidation of organic compounds, quantitative
analysis, qualitative analysis, chemical kinetics,
quantitative analysis of pharmaceutical substances etc.
When there are several components in a mixture which
absorb at the same wavelength their absorbances add
together, the absorbance of the sample is proportional to
the concentration of one component. In these cases, several
approaches can be adopted with the most important being
chemical reaction and multi-wavelength measurements.
Presence of chromophore and auxochrome causes
alteration in absorption.
[2]
Langali (Gloriosa superba Linn.), one of the plant
categorized under upavisha varga, is used in various
formulations in Ayurveda and useful in various ailments
such as kushtha (skin diseases), shopha (inflammation),
vrana (wound), krumi (worm infestation) etc. and in
various formulations used in Ayurveda.
[3]
Also, shodhana is
advised before its internal use. Hence, in this study one of
the methods of shodhana of Langali was selected for
analysis.
[4]
UV spectroscopy was used to analyze the media before
and after shodhana which may provide some objectiveness
to the process of shodhana and role of media in the process
and the multi-wavelength measurement was used for
assessing the changes in the media.
1
Institute for Post Graduate Teaching and Research in Ayurveda, Gujarat
Ayurved University, Jamnagar-361008, India.
E-mail: bhargava.183@gmail.com
*Corresponding author
MATERIALS AND METHODS
In this study, the media, a mixture of Takra (butter milk)
and saindhava (rock salt) used, for seven days, for the
shodhana of root of Langali (Gloriosa superba Linn.), a drug
of upavisaha (semi-poisonous) group, was subjected to UV
spectroscopic analysis.
Collection and Selection of Drug
The tubers of Gloriosa superba Linn., after proper
identification by taxonomist, were collected from Salem
district of Tamil Nadu, from natural source, in the month of
December, washed properly, shade dried, preserved in the
department in a dry glass container and used as material
for the present study.
Collection of Media
Buttermilk of mother dairy was purchased from market
and mixed with RO water in the proportion of 1:2 (v/v)
(buttermilk: water) and rock salt was purchased from local
market and it was added in this liquid in the proportion of
1:5 (v/v).
Procedures
Tubers of the plant were used as material and buttermilk
mixed with saindhava (rock salt) was used as the
medium and rock salt was added in this liquid in the
proportion of 1:5 (v/v),
[5]
it was allowed to settle,
supernatant clear liquid was taken and marked as TWS.
All the media were collected according to the same
procedure. The shodhana procedure was carried in three
groups (each group for 7 days) to check the variation in
the data and they were named as TS, 2TS and 3TS
respectively. 100 g of Langali tubers were immersed in
250 ml of the solution for 7 days. The tubers were
immersed in the media every night and were kept in
sunlight during the day. The media were changed every
day. After 7
th
day the tubers were taken out, washed in
warm water and dried in sunlight.
The changes in the media were assessed by UV
spectroscopy from wavelength of 200 to 800 nm with the
intervals of 50 nm i.e. multi-wavelength analysis, by the
UV Spectroscopic Analysis of Media (Takra and Saindhava)
Used for Sodhana of Langali (Gloriosa superba Linn.) Root
Bhide Bhargav
1*
, Shukla V J
1
, Acharya Rabinarayan
1
Abstracts: Shodhana (purification), one of the procedures mentioned in Ayurveda, has been recommended for many drugs of
both poisonous and non poisonous category, by different Ayurveda pharmacopoeias. For this purpose, various media,
responsible for desired changes in the drug, are used before the use of certain poisonous plants in the formulation. UV
spectroscopy technique was used to assess the changes taking place in the media, during shodhana procedure. In this study, the
media, a mixture of takra (butter milk) and saindhava (rock salt) used, for seven days, for the shodhana of root of Langali
(Gloriosa superba Linn.), a drug of upavisaha (semi-poisonous) group, was subjected to UV spectroscopic analysis. The result
was analyzed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) technique, using unscrambler software. Analysis of the results of UV
spectroscopy from the range of 200 to 400 nm does not show significant changes, in the media, after four days. Physicochemical
analysis of the samples before and after shodhana was also done. The values such as total ash, water and alcohol soluble
extractive values of the shodhita samples were found to be increased. Qualitative analyses of samples show presence of
alkaloids, saponin, tannins and carbohydrates before and after shodhana procedures.