American Philosophical Quarterly
Volume 50, Number 2, April 2013
©2013 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois
THE SUPPORTIVE REASONS
NORM OF ASSERTION
Rachel McKinnon
1. Introduction
In this paper I present my proposal for the
central norm governing the practice of as-
sertion, which I call the Supportive Reasons
Norm of Assertion (SRNA). I argue that by
properly understanding the relationship be-
tween the goal of assertion and its nature as
a social practice, we can recognize that there
are conventional and pragmatic features in-
ternal to the practice. These internal features
should be made explicit in our articulation
of the norm, and not treated as inessential
to it. This feature of my view sets it apart
from other extant proposals of reasons-
based norms such as Jennifer Lackey’s
Reasonable-to-Believe Norm of Assertion
(RTBNA) and Igor Douven’s Rational Cred-
ibility Rule (RCR).
1
While I cannot present
a full defense of the norm—considering
how it handles various data such as Moore’s
Paradox and “How do you know?”
2
—I offer
a preliminary defense as a launching point
for future arguments.
I begin with a brief presentation of SRNA.
I then turn in section 3 to present a case of
a warranted false assertion. In section 4, I
return to more clearly explicate a number
of key concepts of SRNA not addressed in
section 2.
2. The Supportive Reasons Norm
of Assertion (SRNA)
I propose the following norm as the central
constitutive norm for the linguistic practice
of assertion:
SRNA:
(i) One may assert that p only if the speaker
has supportive reasons for p, and,
(ii) The relevant conventional and pragmatic
elements of the context of assertion are
present.
Borrowing some analogous terminology
from David Kaplan, we can say that SRNA
has an invariantist normative character but
a contextualist normative content.
3
These
approaches are familiar from existing litera-
ture, but they tend not to go together. I unify
them by making the invariant component a
type of indexical; the normative character is
a function from context to content. Simply
put, the context of an assertion determines
the precise character of the norm for that con-
text. Conditions (i) and (ii) are individually
necessary and jointly suficient conditions
for warranted assertibility, and this does not
shift with context. Hence, the structure of the
norm—the character—is invariant.
There must be supportive reasons for the
proposition asserted (I will say more on what