BIOSCIENCES BIOTECHNOLOGY RESEARCH ASIA, December 2013. Vol. 10(2), 509-514 * To whom all correspondence should be addressed. Fungal Flora of Vermicompost and Organic Manure : A Case Study of Molecular Diversity of Mucor racemosus using RAPD Analysis N. Silawat*, N. Batav, S. Chouhan, P. Sairkar, R.K. Garg and R.K. Singh Centre of Excellence in Biotechnology, M.P. Council of Science and Technology (MPCST) Vigyan Bhawan, Nehru Nagar, Bhopal - 462 003, India. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/1224 (Received: 08 November 2012; accepted: 20 December 2012) In the present study seven samples were collected of which four were from vermicompost from Prof. T.S. Murthy Udyan, Obaidullahganj and 3 from organic manure pit of Ambari, Himmatpur & Gwalipur. Mucor racemosus strains were screened for the production of lipase, gelatinase, xylanase, amylase and caseinase enzymes which showed its biodegradable role in composting process. RAPD techniques was used for genetic diversity of Mucor isolated from vermicompost resulted 64.29% as polymorphism the Mucor racemosus indicating higher percentage of homogeneity among them. Key words: Mucor, polymorphism, genetic diversity, RAPD & PCR. Soil is a dynamic habitat for an enormous variety of life forms such as plants animals and microorganisms. All these forms of life interact with one another and with the soil to create continually changing conditions. This allows an on going evolution of soil habitat. Soil is also a complex environment colonized by an immense diversity of microorganism. Soil microbiology focuses on the soil viruses, bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi and protozoa. Microbial life with in the soil ecosystem is a fascinating aspect of soil biology (Jeewon & Hyde, 2007). The biological component of the soil is responsible for soil humus formation, cycling of nutrient and building soil tilth and structure along with many other functions. Microorganisms in a soil form part of the biomass and contribute to the reserve of soil nutrients that are generally referred to as the microbial biomass (Arslan et al., 2008; Carroll & Wicklow, 1992). Fungi are an important component of soil microbiota. They mediate important symbiotic relationship with plant and bacteria. Many Fungi are pathogenic and some may be useful in bio exploitation. A diverse range of fungi are present in soil ecosystem which includes ascomycetes, basidiomyetes, some being ectomycorrhizal fungi, anamorphic fungi and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (Jeewon and Hyde 2007; Cooke & Whipps, 993). Most fungi are classified as saprophytes because they live on dead or dying material and obtain energy by breaking down organic material present in dead plants and animals (Alexopoulos et al., 1996). As a group the fungi exhibit a remarkable ability to utilize almost any carbon source as food. Different species do however have different nutritional requirement (Griffin, 1993). Solid waste is the organic and inorganic waste material produced by different sources. It has been estimated that in India as a whole, as much as 25 million tons of urban and solid waste of diverse composition was generated per year. Most common particles of waste processing are uncontrolled dumping which cause mainly water and soil pollution. Sanitary and filling or dumping the final disposal of solid waste can be carried out