Pergamon
Int. Comm. HeatMass Transfer, Vol. 27, No. 8, pp. 1057-1065, 2000
Copyright © 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd
Printed in the USA. All rights reserved
0735-1933/00/S-see front matter
PII: S0735-1933(00)00193-7
FORCED CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER IN A SLURRY OF PHASE CHANGE
MATERIAL IN AN AGITATED TANK
L. Royon, G. Guiffant, P. Perrot
Laboratoire de Biorhtologie et d'Hydrodynamique Physicochimique
CNRS, ESA 7057, Universit6 Paris 7, 2 pi. Jussieu, PARIS, FRANCE
(Communicated by M. Lebouch6)
ABSTRACT
The heat transfer during the crystallisation in a slurry of a stable mixture of water with a
water-soluble polymerised and cross-linked monomer, suspended in oil is investigated.
Some experimental data are presented which eanphasize that such a suspension of
millimetric particles of a phase change material allows both a high capacity of heat
storage and limited super cooling phenomena. A phenomenological description of the
crystallisation process is proposed which permits to predict the duration of the plateau of
crystallisation as a function of the weight fraction and the temperature of the cold spring.
The results compare very well with the experimental data thus giving a new impulse to
the design of new complex fluids for both storage and heat transport.
© 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd
Introduction
Owing to a wide variety of application, the concept of energy storage by using phase change
material (PCM) has attracted a great interest in the framework of the recovery of low-level energy. The
first possibility was to make use of fixed beds. Then an external fluid has to be used to ensure the heat
exchange. In that case, the material had to be coated because of the transition solid-liquid (when using
paraffin for example) which leads to additional heat transfer resistance. An alternative procedure,
avoiding any coating, was to use water with a water-soluble polymerised and cross-linked monomer [I].
Here the technical difficulties arise mainly from the mechanical resistance of the samples of gel. The
storage time is clearly one of the most important factors to consider when designing a storage process.
The problem being governed by non-linear differential equations has to be solved numerically. Different
methods were continuously proposed for PCM of macroscopic size ([2- 4] for example). Methods with a
moving interface (fmite - element methods) permits to give the interface velocity of phase change front
[5-8]. The second possibility is to make use of a dispersion of the PCM in a suspending fluid This new
technology offers many advantages such as a high cooling capacity, the possibility of using the same
medium for both energy transport and storage (thereby reducing losses during the heat exchange process),
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