American Journal of Intelligent Systems 2013, 3(1): 33-39
DOI: 10.5923/j.ajis.20130301.05
Fuzzy Time Series Method Based on Multiplicative
Neuron Model and Membership Values
Erol Egrioglu
1,*
, CagdasHakan Aladag
2
, Ufuk Yolcu
3
, Burcin Seyda Corba
1
, Ozge Cagcag
1
1
Department of Statistics, University of OndokuzM ayis, Samsun, 55139, Turkey
2
Department of Statistics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey
3
Department of Statistics, Giresun University, Giresun, 28000, Turkey
Abstract Many fuzzy time series forecasting methods have been suggested to forecast time series in the literature. Most of
these methods use various artificial intelligence methods. The determining of the fuzzy relation is one of the most important
stage in fuzzy time series methods. Some methods determine fuzzy relations by using index number of the fuzzy sets.
Recently, several methods that use membership values to determine fuzzy relation have been proposed in the literature. In this
paper, a new fuzzy time series forecasting algorithm is proposed. The algorithm use fuzzy c-means method in fuzzification
stage. The determining of fuzzy relations stage is performed by multiplicative neuron model in proposed algorithm. In the
proposed method, membership values are used instead of index number of the fuzzy sets. Three data sets are used to compare
proposed method with some other methods in the literature. It is concluded that proposed method outperforms the some other
methods in the literature.
Keywords Fuzzy Time Series, Forecasting, Multiplicative Neuron Model, Fuzzy C-means
1. Introduction
Fuzzy time series methods are based on fuzzy set theory that
was proposed by Zadeh[1]. For some time series, the
observations of time series can be represented by fuzzy sets.
If the observations of the time series are fuzzy sets,
traditional time series methods cannot be used. Time series
that have got fuzzy observations are called fuzzy time series.
The fuzzy time series firstly were defined by Song and
Chissom[2]. Moreover, the first fuzzy time series forecasting
method was proposed by Song and Chissom[3]. There are
two kind of fuzzy time series as time variant and time
invariant. The inner relations of time invariant fuzzy time
series do not change in time. In generally, fuzzy time series
methods have got three stages. These stages are called
fuzzification, determining fu zzy relation and
deffuzzification, respectively. Various artificial intelligence
methods can be used in these stages. Genetic algorithm,
particle swarm optimization and fuzzy c-means methods for
fuzzification of time series; genetic algorithm, particle
swarm optimization and artificial neural networks for
determining fuzzy relation and artificial neural networks for
defuzzification have been used in the literature. it is known
that each stages are very effective on forecasting
performance of fuzzy time series.
* Corresponding author:
erole1977@yahoo.com (ErolEgrioglu)
Published online at http://journal.sapub.org/ajis
Copyright © 2013 Scientific & Academic Publishing. All Rights Reserved
Artificial neural networks were firstly used for
determining fuzzy relation by Huarng and Yu[4]. They
determined fuzzy relation by using artificial neural networks
in first order fuzzy time series forecasting model. Then, Yu
and Huarng[5] applied neural networks to fuzzy time series
forecasting in bivariate first order fuzzy time series
forecasting model. Artificial neural networks were applied to
determine fuzzy relation by Egrioglu et al.[6] in bivariate
high order fuzzy time series forecasting model. Egrioglu et al.
([7-8]), Aladag et al. ([9-10]) ,Egrioglu et al.[11],
Aladağ[12], Yu and Huarng[13] and Yolcu et al.[14].
Egrioglu et al. ([6-7-8]), Aladag et al. ([9-10]), Egrioglu et
al.[ 15], Aladağ[16] used index number of fuzzy sets for
training artificial neural networks in determining fuzzy
relations stage. In these studies, membership values of fuzzy
sets are not taken into consideration. Yu and Huarng[13] and
Yolcu et al.[14] used membership values of fuzzy sets for
training artificial neural networks in determining fuzzy
relations stage. Aladağ[16] different from others since it
used multiplicative neuron model neural network instead of
multilayer perceptron neural network. The multiplicative
neuron model neural network was use to determine fuzzy
relation of seasonal fuzzy time seires in Aladağ S. et al. [12].
In this study, novel fuzzy time series method is proposed.
Proposed method use fuzzy c-means clustering in
fuzzification stage and multiplicative neuron model neural
network in determining fuzzy relations stage. Particle swarm
optimization method is applied for training multiplicative
neuron model neural network. Fuzzy c-means, multiplicative
neuron model neural network and particle swarm