81 Full reference: (2012) Benítez-Fernández, M., J.J. de Ruiter & Y. Tamer. Questions of mother tongue and identity belonging in Morocco, in: Grande, F., J.J. de Ruiter & M. Spotti (ed.), Mother tongue and intercultural valorization: Europe and its migrant youth. Milan: Angeli, 81-104. 5. Questions of mother tongue and identity belonging in Morocco by Montserrat Benítez Fernandéz, Jan Jaap de Ruiter and Youssef Tamer 1. Morocco and its language politics Moroccan law on language rights is fairly limited because there are not many texts referring to these rights. As a main text managing the sociolinguistic lives of Moroccans (until now), the Constitution of the Kingdom of Morocco states in Article 3 that «Arabic is the official and national language of the country» (Laroui, 2011). Tradi- tionally Moroccan language policies have hardly taken into account the multilingualism that populates the country. The existence of three varieties of Amazigh (Berber), the various Arabic dialects, Standard Arabic, French, Spanish and English, and a competitive linguistic market appear overlooked (Boukous, 1995; Grandguillaume, 1983, 2001 and 2004). On the contrary, the language policy of arabiciza- tion of Morocco aimed at spreading Standard Arabic with the secon- dary goal of eliminating the use of French. Until recently this has been done without taking into account the other languages used in Moroccan society, which are also part of its identity, namely collo- quial or dialectal Arabic and the varieties of Amazigh.