VOL. 3, NO. 6, June 2013 ISSN 2225-7217
ARPN Journal of Science and Technology
©2011-2013. All rights reserved.
http://www.ejournalofscience.org
639
Characterization of Electro Active Polymer Composite Films Based on
Gelatin and Poly 2-(3-thienyl)-ethoxy-4-butylsulfonate (PTEBS)
1
Md. Alamgir Kabir,
2
Khadiza Begam,
3*
M. Mahbubur Rahman,
4
Fahmida Parvin,
5
Md. Arifur Rahman,
6
Jahid M. M. Islam,
7
Md. Abul Hossain,
8
Farid Ahmed,
9
Mubarak A. Khan
1, 2,3,7,8
Department of Physics, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
3
School of Engineering & Information Technology, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia 6150, Australia
4,5,6,9
Institute of Radiation & Polymer Technology, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh
*3
Corresponding Author: M. Mahbubur Rahman, mahbub235@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Composites of gelatin and polythiophene sodium poly 2-(3-thienyl)-ethoxy-4-butylsulfonate (PTEBS) were prepared by
solution casting. PTEBS content in the composites were in the range of (wt.%) 0.01-0.08%. The surface morphology of the
composite films was investigated by means of a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The electrical conductivity of the
composites has been found to show Ohmic behavior while the dielectric characteristics show normal characteristics. The
light-harvesting ability of the composite films was investigated by UV-Visible spectroscopy. Throughout the investigation
it has been observed that the electrical and dielectric properties, and light harvesting efficiency of the composite films
improved significantly with the incorporation of PTEBS to the pure gelatin.
Keywords: Gelatin, PTEBS, surface morphology, electrical conductivity, electrical impedance, dielectric constant, optical properties.
1. INTRODUCTION
The growing demand for cost-effective approach
to develop raw materials for energy storage devices or
organic electronics utilizing biopolymers is an important
scientific and technological concern. Electro active
Polymers based on biopolymers have received much
attention from academics and industries because of their
potential applications such as sensor, actuators, biosensor,
solar materials and components in high-energy batteries
[1-3]. For example biopolymers like chitin, cellulose,
starch that have a wide range of applications, functioning
as energy storage, [4] transport, signalling, and structural
components. However, the study on the electrical and
optical properties of biopolymers like gelatin has found
very scant attention.
Even though all the polymers are not electrically
conductive, however most of them shear some intrinsic
electrical properties. Their flexibility in design and
compatibility with a wide range of substrates and cost-
effectiveness make them appealing for use in low-cost,
flexible solar cells. One way to make organic material
more conductive is to add impurity atoms that donate
mobile charges to their molecular host [5]. Another
approach is to mix two chosen molecules carefully that
exchange charge with each other and together form a
crystalline, conducting solid known as charge-transfer salt
[5]. This research works gives a new insight in the
development of electro active composite films based
gelatin and PTEBS.
Gelatin is a biopolymer. It is a well-characterized
protein fragment obtained by partial degradation of water
insoluble collagen fiber [6] and it is relatively low cost
[7]. Gelatin is a denatured collagen, undergoes thermo
reversible gelation in hydrogen-bond friendly
environment, when the protein concentration is higher
than typically 2-3% (w/v). Many efforts have been
devoted in the past to study the kinetics of gelation
mechanism of this protein [7-13]. Considering the fact
that this is one of the most abundantly found proteins in
mammals, the importance of such studies can be hardly
stressed. Gelatin, as any protein, is an optically active
material in both the random coil and helical states.
However, due to coherent long-range chiral ordering,
helical domains rotate the plane of light polarization much
more strongly than the individual chiral amino acids in the
coil state. Thus, the coherent optical activity gives a direct
indication of the fraction of the monomers in helical states
[14].
In the work described in this paper, we have
utilized the unique properties of a water-soluble, light-
absorbing polythiophene polymer to fabricate electro
active composite films. The idea is to take advantage of
the properties of conjugated polymers (flexible, tenable,
and easy to process) and incorporate the additional
benefits of water solubility to have good compatibility
with gelatine. In addition, the anionic side chain
containing secondary amine in gelatin can promote good
compatibility with PTEBS (Figures 1a and 1b). It is
important to mention here that the benefits of using water
as the solvent are numerous. Solvent evaporation rates
have been shown to have a strong influence on film
morphology and device performance [15-16] and the
evaporation of water can be carefully controlled using
heat. Because water is a part of the fabrication process,
devices made from this polymer can show improved
stability under atmospheric conditions.