Journal of Natural History
Vol. 44, Nos. 25–28, July 2010, 1743–1753
ISSN 0022-2933 print/ISSN 1464-5262 online
© 2010 Taylor & Francis
DOI: 10.1080/00222931003624820
http://www.informaworld.com
TNAH 0022-2933 1464-5262 Journal of Natural History, Vol. 1, No. 1, January 2010: pp. 0–0 Journal of Natural History
Motile homes: a comparison of the spatial distribution of epibiont
communities on Mediterranean sea turtles
Journal of Natural History W.J. Fuller et al.
W.J. Fuller
a,b,c
*, A.C. Broderick
a
, R. Enever
d
, P. Thorne
e
and B.J. Godley
a
a
Faculty of Agriculture Sciences and Technology, European University of Lefke, Lefke, North
Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey;
b
Centre for Ecology and Conservation, School of Biosciences,
University of Exeter, Penryn TR10 9EZ, UK;
c
Society for the Protection of Turtles in North
Cyprus, PK 42, Girne, Mersin 10, Turkey, North Cyprus;
d
CEFAS Exeter, School of
Biosciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK;
e
School of Biological Sciences, University of
Wales, Swansea SA2 8PP
(Received 7 September 2009; final version received 13 January 2010)
Understanding the ecological roles performed by an individual species requires
knowledge from a wide range of disciplines; here we analyze the epibiont–host
relationship found in marine turtles. During the study we recorded five new
species of sea turtle epibiont: Laomedea flexuosa, Caprella fretensis, Hyale
nilssoni, Hyale schmidti, Parasinelobus chevreuxi; as part of a total of nine zoolog-
ical epibionts present on 35 female green turtles (Chelonia mydas) and 100
loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) nesting in Cyprus. The two most commonly
occurring epibionts were acorn barnacles Chelonibia testudinaria and Chelonibia
caretta, with larger specimens of both species recorded on loggerhead turtles. We
analyzed the spatial distribution of these two barnacle species upon the carapaces
of their hosts. Specimens of C. testudinaria situated on the anterior half of the
carapace were larger than those located at the posterior. A significantly larger
proportion of loggerhead turtles (52.5%) hosted epibionts in comparison to green
turtles (30.3%). All non-barnacle epibionts were associated with either posterior
algal mats or carapace scars.
Keywords: epibiont; spatial distribution; barnacles; Caretta caretta; Chelonia
mydas
Introduction
Most hard substrata in the oceans of the world become home to a wide variety of
motile and static epibionts. However, some epibionts fasten themselves to mobile
structures such as ships, flotsam and jetsam, and motile marine organisms (Wahl
1989), where movement effectively creates water flow, so aiding the gathering of
nutrients. Many marine vertebrates such as whales and sea turtles provide significant
motile substrata for the attachment of these epibionts (Monroe and Limpus 1979;
Caine 1986; Frick and Slay 2000) with some individuals supporting abundant and
diverse epibiont communities. Marine epibionts represent almost every invertebrate
phylum and most of these are found on marine turtles. Over 90 epibiont species were
found to be associated with female loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) nesting along
the coast of Georgia, USA (Frick et al. 1998).
*Corresponding author. Email: wfuller@seaturtle.org