This is the fourth chapter of my MA thesis which I defended at Allameh Tabataba’ee University, Tehran, in 2005. In it, I advanced a comparative analysis of three works from world literature in terms of the theme of existential nihilism. The thesis is titled “All Is Vanity!: Nihilism in The Book of Ecclesiastes, the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam School, and Samuel Beckett’s Waiting for Godot.” The Internet link to www.leilasadeghi.com (found on the right hand side), however, takes you to my Farsi translation of an excerpt of this chapter, which I have titled “Waiting for Godot and Humankind’s Vain Waiting.” Chapter Four Nihilism in Waiting for Godot