A Study on the Structure-Piezoresponse Property of a ZnO Nanobelt
by In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy
A. Asthana, K. Momeni, A. Prasad, and Y. K. Yap and R. S. Yassar
Department of Mechanical Engineering- Engineering Mechanics and Department of Physics,
Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931
The coupled piezoelectric and semiconducting properties of the NWs and NBs accommodate
charge creation, accumulation, and discharge processes. Here, we report the mechanically
triggered generation of piezoresponse in the uniaxially compressed piezoelectric ZnO nanobelts.
In order to correlate the structure-piezoresponse property of a nanobelt, we conducted structural
imaging simultaneously with the piezoresponse measurements using a Nanoindentor (NI) /TEM
system (capacitance < 3 pF) with a conducting probe. These nanobelts self-ignites electrically
once subjected to an externally applied uniaxial compressive load without any external bias.
Fig.1a shows the contact of a nanobelt with the NI tip in an uncompressed state. The ZnO
nanobelt was moved against NI tip by the incremental movement of the piezodriven gold tip. As
the ZnO nanobelt was strained, a few regions on the nanobelt showed local bright field contrast.
The local changes observed in contrast may be related to atomic distortion resulting from stress
concentration. Fig. 1
1
~5%) and
2
~10 % is shown in Fig. 1c. The nanobelt in the highest
3
~25 %) is shown in Fig. 1d. The corresponding current variation in the
uncompressed, increased compression and highly compressed and finally at the relaxed state
(after unloading) is shown in Fig. 2.
As observed in Fig. 2, the current increases to its maximum value (~64.7 nA) under the
compression mode with the applied load of ~9.98 μN. It should be noted that our ZnO nanobelts
are short (~1-2 μm) as compared to the previously studied ZnO nanowire/nanobelts (~10-20 μm)
[1, 2], and therefore compression of such nanobelts did not form physical bending on the
nanobelt but rather uniaxial compression. The effect of loading mode on the output piezoelectric
signal can be explained by taking into account the effect of deformation modes on the separation
of positive and negative ionic charges (Zn
2+
and O
2-
).
1724
doi:10.1017/S1431927611009494
Microsc. Microanal. 17 (Suppl 2), 2011
© Microscopy Society of America 2011