Technology and cognitive ability: the use of
new technologies and the design of digital
interfaces
Olavo Bessa
a*
a
Faculty of Design, Department of Arts, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Av. Salgado Filho
3000. Campus Universitário, Lagoa Nova, Natal (RN) - CEP 59078-970
Abstract. This study is guided by the principle that there is no technology detached from an ideology. This ideology appears in
the interfaces conditioning the relationship between people and digital artifacts. This article adopts as theoretical reference the
User-Centered Design (UCD). Under the UCD principles it is presented a key to understand how technology is a vehicle of
ideological content that affects the design practices.
Keywords: usability; interaction; UCD; interface, technology
*
Corresponding author. E-mail: olavo.bessa@live.it
1. Introduction
The word technique must be readily distinguished
from the word technology. Technique in this study is
understood as a set of rules that leads to a specific
application of scientific knowledge useful to achieve
an end. Technology, instead, is interpreted as the
theoretical study of the technique or a set of technical
knowledge. We do not want to discuss epistemologi-
cal or ontological issues existing in the relations
among technology, science and politics. We want
rather to point out that the ideological context of
knowledge appears on the interfaces of technological
devices with which people must interact. In short, we
do not want do investigate the instruments of power
with backgrounds in technology, but note that
technology is a vehicle of ideological content that
affects the design practices. There is no technique or
technology, apart from an ideology, both in its
formation and in its approval instances. From product
design, through the packaging, the manufacturing
and transportation, until to reach the consumers’
houses, the entire production process is outlined by
ideological decisions that affect the interfaces of con-
sumer devices.
2. Technique, technology and interaction
Interface is the possible interaction between two
independent systems [37]. The human interaction
with technological devices is therefore only one of
many possible types of interaction between two or
among many independent systems. To say that hu-
mans and technological devices are two independent
systems means to say that both have different struc-
tures. By filtering these structures, some possibilities
of interaction appear. In this context, the way internal
processors are organized, displayers, dials and con-
trols are filters. As well, the mechanism of perception
and the people cognitive processes are filters too. But
we can note that it has fewer and fewer boundaries
between technology and people. Furthermore, less
and less we have to learn how to use devices which
are becoming more a part of us [27].
3. Technology, interfaces and ideology
Many authors [34] [23] [10] [12] [1] [20] [27]
state their pessimism about technology, blaming it to
Work 41 (2012) 1296-1304
DOI: 10.3233/WOR-2012-0315-1296
IOS Press
1296
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