TOURISM RECREATION RESEARCH VOL. 31(1), 2006: 57-66
©2006 Tourism Recreation Research
Experiencing Festival Bodies: Connecting
Massage and Wellness
JENNIFER LEA
This paper looks at the spaces and practices of a music festival through the lens of experiential consumption. The
bodily experiences of the festival (and in particular the ‘healing space’ of the festival) are examined, in terms of the
space itself, and how it intersects with the practices that take place. The healing space includes a range of massage
practices. The paper doesn’t attempt to prescribe what a ‘well’ body might consist of, but rather opens wellness up in
terms of a corporeal experimentation with different modes of being in the world.
Keywords: massage, wellness, non-representational theory, experiential consumption, embodiment, music festivals,
sensory engagement.
Introduction
Wellness is undoubtedly a bodily phenomenon,
comprised through experiential qualities of sensations and
feelings. As such, this paper approaches wellness through
the techniques of bodywork practices (specifically massage)
in the Body and Soul area of a music festival. In doing this it
asks what wellness might be in an ‘economy of experience’
(Pine and Gilmore 1999) in which the currency is the
enhancement of bodily pleasures and sensations. The paper
begins by introducing the two main themes of music festivals
and wellness, and then moves on to discuss massage and its
relation to festival bodies, enrolling non-representational
theory in order to valorize the embodied knowledge and
intelligence of the body (Dewsbury 2000). The experiential
methods used put the body at the centre of the knowledge
production process in order to interrogate how the spaces
and practices of the festival (more generally) and the Body
and Soul area (more specifically) are folded together towards
the production of a corporeally experienced wellness.
Festival Spaces and Experiencing Wellness
Festivals
Despite their popularity in the UK context (Glastonbury
for example has a capacity of 112,000 people and attracts
considerable media coverage) there has been relatively little
research done around music festivals. In general, research
has focused more widely upon rave (Hill 2002) and dance
music culture, with more specific attention being paid to
clubs and clubbing practices (Malbon 1999; Thornton 1995
for example). However, some inroads have been made by the
tourism and sociological literature.
Tourist studies have predominantly considered music
festivals in terms of motivations of attendees, or revenue
generation. Crompton and McKay (1997: 429) suggested that
festivals are ‘one of the fastest growing types of tourism
attractions’. As such they consider an important point of
intervention to be analyzing the motivations of attendees in
order that ‘practical settings and contexts in a festival can be
amended to facilitate fulfilment of them’ (1997: 426). They
perform a quantitative analysis, concluding that the majority
of festival-goers are motivated by a desire for interpersonal
socialization, and ‘the desire to obtain psychological
(intrinsic) rewards through travel in a contrasting (new or
old) environment’ (Iso-Ahola: 1982 quoted in Crompton and
McKay 1997: 428). These are interesting findings, but seem
to over-simplify the case in a number of ways, for example
overplaying the rational aspect of visitor motivations and
placing too much emphasis upon the psychological aspects
of experience. The other emphasis within tourist studies is
the revenue gained from a festival. Although, not focusing
specifically upon music festivals O’Sullivan and Jackson
(2002: 326) note the economic value of festivals is related to
their ‘considerable income generating properties and…ability
to provide jobs’. They examine the potential for festival tourism
to ‘contribute to sustainable local economic development’
(O’Sullivan and Jackson 2002: 337).
The sociological literature generally frames music
festivals through the suggestion that they are a subculture
phenomenon; Purdue et al. (1997: 647) label them as ‘DIY
(do-it-yourself) culture’; a ‘self proclaimed cultural
movement, challenging the symbolic codes of mainstream
culture’. They go on to suggest that festivals are, ‘apart’ from
everyday life, spaces where the ‘symbolic frameworks of
JENNIFER LEA is a Doctoral Candidate at School of Geographical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1SS, UK. e-mail: jennifer.lea@bristol.ac.uk