Public Understanding of Science
2014, Vol. 23(3) 348–363
© The Author(s) 2013
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DOI: 10.1177/0963662513498835
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P U S
Fracking in the UK press: Threat
dynamics in an unfolding debate
Rusi Jaspal
De Montfort University, UK
Brigitte Nerlich
University of Nottingham, UK
Abstract
Shale gas is a novel source of fossil fuel which is extracted by induced hydraulic fracturing, or “fracking”.
This article examines the socio-political dimension of fracking as manifested in the UK press at three key
temporal points in the debate on the practice. Three newspaper corpora were analysed qualitatively using
Thematic Analysis and Social Representations Theory. Three overarching themes are discussed: “April–May
2011: From Optimism to Scepticism”; “November 2011: (De-)Constructing and Re-Constructing Risk and
Danger”; “April 2012: Consolidating Social Representations of Fracking”. In this article, we examine the
emergence of and inter-relations between competing social representations, discuss the dynamics of threat
positioning and show how threat can be re-construed in order to serve particular socio-political ends in the
debate on fracking.
Keywords
climate change, collective symbolic coping, environmental communication, fracking, media, social representa-
tions theory
1. Introduction
Despite the negative environmental impacts of continued dependence upon fossils fuels, fossil
fuels will nonetheless continue to provide the majority of the world’s energy (Shafie and Topal,
2009). Novel fossil fuels are therefore being sought in a context where climate change mitigation
technologies for CO
2
reduction, such as carbon capture and storage and geoengineering, are being
discussed in the media (Nerlich and Jaspal, 2012, 2013). One of these novel sources of fossil fuel
is shale gas that is extracted by induced hydraulic fracturing, or “fracking”. Being a natural gas,
shale gas that is extracted by fracking is often said to have a lower carbon footprint compared to
other fossil fuels and to be a clean(er)/ “transitional” energy source (Engelder, 2011).
Corresponding author:
Rusi Jaspal, Division of Psychology, School of Applied Social Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort
University, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.
Email: rusi.jaspal@cantab.net
498835PUS 23 3 10.1177/0963662513498835Public Understanding of ScienceJaspal and Nerlich
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