Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society 2012, 5, 357–375
doi:10.1093/cjres/rss002
Advance Access publication 27 March 2012
© The Author 2012. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Cambridge Political Economy Society. All rights reserved.
For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com
Corporate power and US economic and environmental
policy, 1978–2008
Harland Prechel
Department of Sociology, 4351 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-
4351, USA, hprechel@tamu.edu
Received on May 31, 2011; accepted on February 9, 2012
The analysis here critically evaluates the ‘new corporate environmentalism’ and elaborates
a relational theory of the state to explain policy formation in the US electrical energy
industry. There are several findings. Firstly, corporations mobilize politically to advance
their economic agendas and weaken environmental policy. Secondly, after state structures are
created to enforce public policy, they provide the socio-political legitimacy for corporations to
further advance their economic interests. Thirdly, in contrast to neoliberal claims, corporate–
state relations during the era of re-regulation resulted in higher energy cost for consumers in
several regions.
Keywords: environmental and economic policy, political capitalism, corporate–state relations, US electrical energy
industry
JEL Classifications: L22, L43, L94, Q4
Introduction
The ‘new corporate environmentalism’ that elabo-
rates the role of business in achieving both economic
growth and environmental sustainability has become
a central component of how corporations present
themselves to the public. However, critics maintain
that corporations employ this rhetoric to conceal their
environmental pollution and preserve organizational
viability (Beamish, 2000, 2002; Crane et al., 2008).
Others suggest that greater attention should be given
to organizations because they are among the most
intensive environmental polluters (Perrow, 1997)
and there has been an exponential increase in the
use of environmental pollutants in industrial produc-
tion in recent years (Beck, 1992). Research that
focuses on organizations also suggests that there is
a need to move beyond taken for granted assump-
tions in existing organizational theories, which limit
inquiry into environmental issues (Jermier, 2008).
Still others suggest that understanding environmental
degradation requires an examination of the ‘asymme-
try of hierarch or power between polluters and
polluted’ (Held et al., 1999, 381) and greater atten-
tion should be given to the formation of environmen-
tal policy (Freudenburg et al., 2009). Critics also
maintain that understanding the relationship between
the political behaviour of corporations and environ-
mental pollution is hampered by theories that assume
that environmental policies are the outcome of an
autonomous state (Kraft and Vig, 2000).
To address the political dimension of environ-
mental pollution, the analysis here examines the
exercise of corporate power in the policy formation
at Texas A&M College Station on November 7, 2012 http://cjres.oxfordjournals.org/ Downloaded from