International Journal of Advances in Electrical and Electronics Engineering 75 Available online at www.ijaeee.com & www.sestindia.org/volume-ijaeee ISSN: 2319-1112 ISSN: 2319-1112 /V3N1: 75-81 ©IJAEEE Development of Building Heat Detection System: An Improvement Study M. F. Sulaima 1 , Foo Jia En 1 , W. M. Bukhari 1 , M. H. Jali 1 , T. A. Izzuddin 1 1 Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, 76100, Hang Tuah Jaya, Malacca, Malaysia ABSTRACT- The increment of the numbers for accidents due to building safety system errors has created a serious disaster over the year. Due to that reason, this paper presents the entitled Building Heat Detection System (BHD System) by the objectives to develop the proper circuit in order to secure the detection device during the building fire attack. A BHD system, also known as fire protection system consists of heat sensing and monitoring system. The sensors detect extreme heat in an area or zone; the control unit processes the signals and sets off evacuation alarms to alert building occupants. This study focused on the design and fabrication of the system prototype to demonstrate the operation of a BHD system in case of fire accidents. Hose reel indicator is included to display the exact location in a building to aid in firefighting. On top of that, exit indicators were added to show the available exits should fire breaks out in a building. This study is hoped to help the system engineers to improve and secure their building safety system in the future. Keywords: Building heat detection system, fire alarm, fire protection system I. INTRODUCTION Through the years, fire accidents have taken numerous lives and led many people homeless. In the earlier half of year 2012, Malaysia’s Fire and Rescue Department had reported a total number of 15, 360 fire incidents in Malaysia. These incidents had led to 49 deaths and a total property loss of about 0.3 billion MYR [1]. As these statistics were presented, a fire protection system becomes the key in reducing casualties and property losses. The existing BHD system is made up of two subsystems: a heat detection system and a monitoring system. A heat detection system is capable of sensing the extreme temperature in a specific area or zone; the control cabinet acts as a monitor to relay the sensor information and provide early warning to building occupants [2-4]. However, this system does not display the available exits in a building during the incident. Besides that, firefighting becomes tougher as the hose reel is sometimes located in a hidden corner. By looking at this system, it can be seen that improvements are vital in increasing the effectiveness of evacuation process. And thus, this study does not only aim at designing and fabricating an existing BHD system prototype, it also serves the purpose of enhancing the conventional system by adding exit and hose reel indicator in the building. As it is impossible to cover all types of buildings, therefore this system will only be demonstrated in a mock building based on the Faculty of Electrical Engineering in Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka (UTeM). II. FIRE ALARM SYSTEM AND HEAT SENSOR A fire alarm system is a complex system that performs technical detection and processes, runs and maintains the safety of a building [5-7]. According to [8-10], a well-designed safety fire control system must detect fire before it becomes critical and provide early warning to evacuate people. A fire alarm system detects heat and/or smoke and sends the output to the control cabinet [11-12]. The following are some examples of the existing fire alarm system in the market. From [13], Mitron M900 is a microprocessor-based multiplex type control cabinet. This system comes with a direct linkage to the nearest fire brigade station. The system is designed such that when any sensor detects extreme heat change, the signal will be sent to the control panel and processed by the microprocessor. The alarm and