Commentary 2 on Feminist Pedagogy and Mathematics Safure Bulut, Bekir S. Gür, and Bharath Sriraman Jacobs points out the fact that culture and socioeconomic circumstances affect the mathematics education of individuals. Accordingly, girls’ mathematics achievement shows some variations across different countries. Unlike popular misconceptions about the roles of males and females in Turkish society, in this commentary we will show that the majority of studies conducted in Turkey have found no significant mean difference between mathematics achievement of boys and girls especially in primary and high schools. Hence, we do not think we need to offer an alternate ped- agogy for girls. We briefly point out some points of convergences and divergences with the Jacobs’ article. And then, we give some background information on Turkish education. Subsequently, we discuss the literature related to mathematics achieve- ment and gender in Turkey. The discussion includes the results of TIMMS, national exams in Turkey in addition to articles, theses and dissertations. Introduction: Revisiting the Gender Debate Gender differences in mathematics achievement are a well documented world wide phenomenon. In their recent summary of the research literature Steinthorsdottir and Sriraman (2008) found that the existing literature has examined variables such as self-efficacy and its relationship to other variables such as parent, teacher and so- cietal expectancies, sexual stereotyping as well as differential achievement-relevant attitudes in addition to internal and external variables such as beliefs and student- teacher interactions. Another important dimension in this debate is the issue of race S. Bulut ( ) Department of Secondary Science and Mathematics Education, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey e-mail: sbulut@metu.edu.tr B.S. Gür Department of Computer Education and Instructional Technologies, Yüzüncü Yıl University, Van, Turkey e-mail: bekir@cc.usu.edu B. Sriraman Department of Mathematical Sciences, The University of Montana, Missoula, USA e-mail: sriramanb@mso.umt.edu B. Sriraman, L. English (eds.), Theories of Mathematics Education, Advances in Mathematics Education, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-00742-2_43, © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 455